无人机摄影测量技术在岩体结构面产状测量中的应用.
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| Title: | 无人机摄影测量技术在岩体结构面产状测量中的应用. (Chinese) |
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| Alternate Title: | Application of UAV Photogrammetry Technology in Measuring the Attitude of Rock Mass Structural Planes. (English) |
| Authors: | 李华东, 邓 辉, 黄正均, 刘天启 |
| Source: | Geology & Exploration; Jul2025, Vol. 61 Issue 4, p797-807, 11p |
| Subject Terms: | PHOTOGRAMMETRY, GEOLOGICAL research, THREE-dimensional modeling, SURFACE structure, BEDROCK, DRONE aircraft, PYTHON programming language, MEASUREMENT of angles (Geometry) |
| Abstract (English): | The measurement of rock mass structural plane orientation is a critical step in field geological investigations, as the morphology, properties, and orientation of structural planes are key factors influencing rock mass characteristics. This study employed widely used UAV photogrammetry to obtain a 3D digital model of slope rock masses. Key structural planes were manually identified, and the coordinates of three or more points on each plane were selected to fit a plane equation using the least squares method. The normal vector of the plane was then derived to calculate the orientation of the structural plane. For structural planes only exposed as traces on the surface, multiple points along the polyline of the trace were extracted to fit the plane equation, and the orientation was determined using the same method. To verify the reliability of the approach, the accuracy of the orientation calculation program was first tested on a sloping roof (dip direction error: 0.47°) and a flat roof (dip angle error: 0.31°), both with errors of less than 1. On well-exposed structural planes at the Zhengjiatai and Hongniangkou slopes, comparisons between calculated and field-measured results show absolute dip direction errors ≤ 3.34°, absolute dip angle errors 1.67°, and relative errors all below 2.5%, indicating good agreement. For structural planes only exhibiting traces on the Xitaiping Road and Xishimen slopes, the fitted orientations based on trace point coordinates were compared with measured values (dip direction error ≤3.07°, dip angle error ≤ 0.77°). Additionally, comparisons between trace points and surface points on damaged concrete pavement (dip direction difference: -0.94°, dip angle difference: -0.05°) further validate the method's effectiveness, and address the challenge of determining orientations for trace-only structural planes. The process of fitting a plane using multi-point spatial coordinates, deriving the normal vector, and calculating structural plane orientation was implemented in a Python program, which has achieved rapid, accurate, and batch acquisition of orientations. This approach resolves technical challenges such as cumbersome orientation calculation procedures, difficulties in obtaining continuous orientations, and challenges in measuring orientations on high and steep slopes, indicative of its strong practical applicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Chinese): | 岩体结构面产状测量是现场地质调查中的关键环节, 结构面形态、性质和产状等是影 响岩体性质的重要因素。本文依靠目前应用较为普遍的无人机摄影测量技术, 获取边坡岩体的三维数 字模型, 人工识别关键结构面, 并选取结构面上三点及以上的坐标信息, 采用最小二乘法拟合结构面 的平面方程, 求取平面法向量, 解算结构面的产状。同时, 对于地表仅出露迹线的结构面, 通过提取 迹线折线上多个点的坐标拟合平面方程, 依据同样的方法解算产状。为验证方法可靠性, 首先利用斜 屋面 (倾向误差 0.47°) 和平屋顶 (倾角 0.31°) 验证了产状计算程序的精度 (误差<1°)。在郑家台边 坡和红娘口边坡出露良好的结构面上, 计算结果与现场实测结果对比显示：该结构面的倾向绝对误差 ≤3.34°, 倾角绝对误差≤1.67°, 相对误差均<2.5%, 吻合良好。对于西太平路和西石门斜坡仅出露迹线 的结构面, 通过迹线点坐标拟合计算的产状与实测值对比 (倾向误差≤3.07°, 倾角误差≤0.77°), 以及 破损混凝土路面迹线点与表面点计算结果对比 (倾向差-0.94°, 倾角差-0.05°), 均证实了该方法的有 效性, 解决了仅出露迹线的结构面产状难于获取的难题。将多点空间坐标拟合平面、求取平面法向 量、解算结构面产状的过程编制成 Python 程序, 实现了产状的快速、准确、批量获取, 解决了产状解 算过程繁琐、连续产状难于获取、高陡边坡产状难于测量等技术难题, 取得了较好的应用效果。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Complementary Index |
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