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Modelling in-hospital length of stay: A comparison of linear and ensemble models for competing risk analysis.

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Název: Modelling in-hospital length of stay: A comparison of linear and ensemble models for competing risk analysis.
Autoři: Espinosa-Moreno, Juan Carlos, García-García, Fernando, Mas-Bilbao, Naia, García-Gutiérrez, Susana, Legarreta-Olabarrieta, María José, Lee, Dae-Jin
Zdroj: PLoS ONE; 8/26/2025, Vol. 20 Issue 8, p1-25, 25p
Témata: LENGTH of stay in hospitals, COMPETING risks, VITAL signs, DATA transformations (Statistics), PROPORTIONAL hazards models, HOSPITAL care, ENSEMBLE learning, EARLY warning score
Abstrakt: Length of Stay (LoS) for in-hospital patients is a relevant indicator of efficiency in healthcare. Moreover, it is often related to the occurrence of hospital-acquired complications. In this work, we aim to explore time-to-event analysis for modelling LoS. We employed competing risk models (CR), as we considered two mutually exclusive outcomes: favorable discharge and deterioration. The explanatory variables included the patient's sex, age, and longitudinal vital signs collected from a dataset comprising N=19,602 admissions. To address sparse measurements, we transformed longitudinal vital signs into cross-sectional statistics. Our approach involves data pre-processing, imputation of missing data, and variable selection. We proposed four types of CR models: Cause-specific Cox, Sub-distribution hazard, and two variants of Random Survival Forests, with both generalised Log-Rank test (cause-specific hazard estimates) and Gray's test (cumulative incidences estimations) as node splitting rules. Performance in LoS CR models was evaluated over a time frame from 2 to 15 days. Additionally, we considered baselines with two well-established clinical early warning scores the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) and the Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS). The best model was Random Survival Forest using Gray's test split, with Integrated Brier Score[×100] of 0.386, C-Index above 99%, and Brier Score below 0.006, along the entire time frame. Employing cross-sectional statistics derived from vital signs, along with rigorous data pre-processing, outperformed the degree of correctness of modelling LoS, compared to NEWS and MEWS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Databáze: Complementary Index
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Abstrakt:Length of Stay (LoS) for in-hospital patients is a relevant indicator of efficiency in healthcare. Moreover, it is often related to the occurrence of hospital-acquired complications. In this work, we aim to explore time-to-event analysis for modelling LoS. We employed competing risk models (CR), as we considered two mutually exclusive outcomes: favorable discharge and deterioration. The explanatory variables included the patient's sex, age, and longitudinal vital signs collected from a dataset comprising N=19,602 admissions. To address sparse measurements, we transformed longitudinal vital signs into cross-sectional statistics. Our approach involves data pre-processing, imputation of missing data, and variable selection. We proposed four types of CR models: Cause-specific Cox, Sub-distribution hazard, and two variants of Random Survival Forests, with both generalised Log-Rank test (cause-specific hazard estimates) and Gray's test (cumulative incidences estimations) as node splitting rules. Performance in LoS CR models was evaluated over a time frame from 2 to 15 days. Additionally, we considered baselines with two well-established clinical early warning scores the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) and the Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS). The best model was Random Survival Forest using Gray's test split, with Integrated Brier Score[×100] of 0.386, C-Index above 99%, and Brier Score below 0.006, along the entire time frame. Employing cross-sectional statistics derived from vital signs, along with rigorous data pre-processing, outperformed the degree of correctness of modelling LoS, compared to NEWS and MEWS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:19326203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0322101