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Co-Application of Bokashi and Biochar Alleviates Water Stress, Improves Soil Fertility and Enhances Wheat Production Under Water-Deficit Conditions.

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Název: Co-Application of Bokashi and Biochar Alleviates Water Stress, Improves Soil Fertility and Enhances Wheat Production Under Water-Deficit Conditions.
Autoři: Dhakal, Gyanendra, Fujino, Takeshi, Magar, Srijana Thapa, Araki, Yuji
Zdroj: Soil Systems; Jun2025, Vol. 9 Issue 2, p33-N.PAG, 17p
Témata: SUSTAINABILITY, WATER efficiency, PLANT yields, SOIL fertility, CROP yields
Abstrakt: Water stress and nutrient stress are major limiting factors affecting crop productivity. Biochar-based organic fertilizers improve soil nutrient availability, water use efficiency (WUE), and crop yields under these adverse conditions. This study investigated the mechanistic effects of biochar–bokashi mixtures under a controlled glasshouse pot experiment on soil fertility, available nutrients, soil moisture, plant water use efficiency (PWUE), and wheat yield parameters under three moisture levels. Four treatments were included, (1) a control, (2) bokashi only, (3) 1% biochar + bokashi, and (4) 2% biochar + bokashi, under 30% (IR30), 50% (IR50), and 60% (IR60) field capacity, totaling twelve treatments in a completely randomized design with three replications. The combined bokashi–biochar application significantly (p < 0.05) improved growth parameters and yields, including plant height, number of fertile tillers (NFT), number of spikes (NS), spike length (SL), 1000-grain weight, biological yield (BY), root biomass, and grain yield (GY), compared to the control and bokashi-only treatments. Bokashi with 1% biochar exhibited superior agronomic performance over the other treatments, including 2% biochar. Biochar addition enhanced soil moisture and PWUE across irrigation levels. Bokashi–biochar treatments under IR30 outperformed the control and bokashi-only treatments under IR60, highlighting biochar's effectiveness in alleviating water stress and increasing yields. Moreover, co-application significantly increased soil pH while enhancing the organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorous and exchangeable potassium nutrient levels, which positively correlated with yield. Bokashi–biochar mixtures have been proven to be an effective strategy to enhance soil fertility, increase soil moisture to alleviate water stress and support sustainable wheat production under water- and nutrient-limited conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Soil Systems is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Databáze: Complementary Index
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  Data: Co-Application of Bokashi and Biochar Alleviates Water Stress, Improves Soil Fertility and Enhances Wheat Production Under Water-Deficit Conditions.
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  Data: Soil Systems; Jun2025, Vol. 9 Issue 2, p33-N.PAG, 17p
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  Data: Water stress and nutrient stress are major limiting factors affecting crop productivity. Biochar-based organic fertilizers improve soil nutrient availability, water use efficiency (WUE), and crop yields under these adverse conditions. This study investigated the mechanistic effects of biochar–bokashi mixtures under a controlled glasshouse pot experiment on soil fertility, available nutrients, soil moisture, plant water use efficiency (PWUE), and wheat yield parameters under three moisture levels. Four treatments were included, (1) a control, (2) bokashi only, (3) 1% biochar + bokashi, and (4) 2% biochar + bokashi, under 30% (IR&lt;subscript&gt;30&lt;/subscript&gt;), 50% (IR&lt;subscript&gt;50&lt;/subscript&gt;), and 60% (IR&lt;subscript&gt;60&lt;/subscript&gt;) field capacity, totaling twelve treatments in a completely randomized design with three replications. The combined bokashi–biochar application significantly (p &lt; 0.05) improved growth parameters and yields, including plant height, number of fertile tillers (NFT), number of spikes (NS), spike length (SL), 1000-grain weight, biological yield (BY), root biomass, and grain yield (GY), compared to the control and bokashi-only treatments. Bokashi with 1% biochar exhibited superior agronomic performance over the other treatments, including 2% biochar. Biochar addition enhanced soil moisture and PWUE across irrigation levels. Bokashi–biochar treatments under IR&lt;subscript&gt;30&lt;/subscript&gt; outperformed the control and bokashi-only treatments under IR&lt;subscript&gt;60&lt;/subscript&gt;, highlighting biochar&#39;s effectiveness in alleviating water stress and increasing yields. Moreover, co-application significantly increased soil pH while enhancing the organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorous and exchangeable potassium nutrient levels, which positively correlated with yield. Bokashi–biochar mixtures have been proven to be an effective strategy to enhance soil fertility, increase soil moisture to alleviate water stress and support sustainable wheat production under water- and nutrient-limited conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Soil Systems is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/soilsystems9020033
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 33
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: SUSTAINABILITY
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: WATER efficiency
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: PLANT yields
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: SOIL fertility
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: CROP yields
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Co-Application of Bokashi and Biochar Alleviates Water Stress, Improves Soil Fertility and Enhances Wheat Production Under Water-Deficit Conditions.
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            NameFull: Dhakal, Gyanendra
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            NameFull: Fujino, Takeshi
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            NameFull: Magar, Srijana Thapa
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            NameFull: Araki, Yuji
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            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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