Phase evolution during conventional and reactive flash sintering of (Mg,Ni,Co,Cu,Zn)O via in situ X‐ray diffraction.

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Title: Phase evolution during conventional and reactive flash sintering of (Mg,Ni,Co,Cu,Zn)O via in situ X‐ray diffraction.
Authors: Yoon, Bola, Campos, João V, Lavagnini, Isabela R, Avila, Viviana, Gardner, James M, Ghose, Sanjit K., Jesus, Lílian M.
Source: Journal of the American Ceramic Society; Feb2024, Vol. 107 Issue 2, p785-796, 12p
Subject Terms: X-ray diffraction, ENDOTHERMIC reactions, DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory), SINTERING, SURFACE temperature
Abstract: Reactive flash sintering (RFS) enables the simultaneous synthesis and sintering of ceramics and has been shown to affect the reaction pathway of different materials. Herein, in situ synchrotron X‐ray diffraction (XRD) is used to investigate the (Mg,Ni,Co,Cu,Zn)O entropy‐stabilized oxide formation during: (i) conventional heating and (ii) RFS under current rate‐controlled mode. The same reaction pathway is verified in both instances: the starting rock‐salt (RS), spinel (Co3O4), tenorite (CuO), and wurtzite (ZnO) phases transform into a single RS phase with a (1 1 1) to (2 0 0) intensity ratio of 0.67, consistent with a random distribution of the cations into the structure. Pt lattice peak shift from the XRD patterns is used as standard to monitor the sample surface temperature, revealing a strong endothermic reaction during the RS single‐phase formation (Pt peaks shift toward higher angles while increasing sample temperature/current density). In RFS, the single‐phase RS structure is formed in just 60 s at a furnace temperature of 600°C and a current rate of 220 mA mm−2/min. Therefore, RFS greatly accelerates the synthesis of (Mg,Ni,Co,Cu,Zn)O, however, it does not play a role in the reaction pathway for this material formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Phase evolution during conventional and reactive flash sintering of (Mg,Ni,Co,Cu,Zn)O via in situ X‐ray diffraction.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yoon%2C+Bola%22">Yoon, Bola</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Campos%2C+João+V%22">Campos, João V</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lavagnini%2C+Isabela+R%22">Lavagnini, Isabela R</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Avila%2C+Viviana%22">Avila, Viviana</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gardner%2C+James+M%22">Gardner, James M</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ghose%2C+Sanjit+K%2E%22">Ghose, Sanjit K.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jesus%2C+Lílian+M%2E%22">Jesus, Lílian M.</searchLink>
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  Data: Journal of the American Ceramic Society; Feb2024, Vol. 107 Issue 2, p785-796, 12p
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22X-ray+diffraction%22">X-ray diffraction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22ENDOTHERMIC+reactions%22">ENDOTHERMIC reactions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22DISTRIBUTION+%28Probability+theory%29%22">DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SINTERING%22">SINTERING</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SURFACE+temperature%22">SURFACE temperature</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Reactive flash sintering (RFS) enables the simultaneous synthesis and sintering of ceramics and has been shown to affect the reaction pathway of different materials. Herein, in situ synchrotron X‐ray diffraction (XRD) is used to investigate the (Mg,Ni,Co,Cu,Zn)O entropy‐stabilized oxide formation during: (i) conventional heating and (ii) RFS under current rate‐controlled mode. The same reaction pathway is verified in both instances: the starting rock‐salt (RS), spinel (Co3O4), tenorite (CuO), and wurtzite (ZnO) phases transform into a single RS phase with a (1 1 1) to (2 0 0) intensity ratio of 0.67, consistent with a random distribution of the cations into the structure. Pt lattice peak shift from the XRD patterns is used as standard to monitor the sample surface temperature, revealing a strong endothermic reaction during the RS single‐phase formation (Pt peaks shift toward higher angles while increasing sample temperature/current density). In RFS, the single‐phase RS structure is formed in just 60 s at a furnace temperature of 600°C and a current rate of 220 mA mm−2/min. Therefore, RFS greatly accelerates the synthesis of (Mg,Ni,Co,Cu,Zn)O, however, it does not play a role in the reaction pathway for this material formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/jace.19503
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 12
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      – SubjectFull: X-ray diffraction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: ENDOTHERMIC reactions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: SINTERING
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      – SubjectFull: SURFACE temperature
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      – TitleFull: Phase evolution during conventional and reactive flash sintering of (Mg,Ni,Co,Cu,Zn)O via in situ X‐ray diffraction.
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            NameFull: Yoon, Bola
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            NameFull: Campos, João V
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            NameFull: Jesus, Lílian M.
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              M: 02
              Text: Feb2024
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              Y: 2024
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