Reply to Abedon, S.T. Dual-Receptor Recognition, Lysis Inhibition, Endolysin Release, and Reaction-Diffusion as Alternative Explanations. Comment on "Rojero et al. Bypassing Evolution of Bacterial Resistance to Phages: The Example of Hyper-Aggressive Phage 0524phi7-1. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26 , 2914".
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| Title: | Reply to Abedon, S.T. Dual-Receptor Recognition, Lysis Inhibition, Endolysin Release, and Reaction-Diffusion as Alternative Explanations. Comment on "Rojero et al. Bypassing Evolution of Bacterial Resistance to Phages: The Example of Hyper-Aggressive Phage 0524phi7-1. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26 , 2914". |
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| Authors: | Rojero M; Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA., Weaver-Rosen M; Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA., Serwer P; Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA. |
| Source: | International journal of molecular sciences [Int J Mol Sci] 2025 Nov 27; Vol. 26 (23). Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 27. |
| Publication Type: | Comment; Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000- |
| MeSH Terms: | Bacteriophages*/physiology , Endopeptidases*/metabolism , Bacteria*/virology, Phage Therapy ; Bacteriolysis ; Lysogeny |
| Abstract: | In this manuscript, we isolate and characterize a phage that displays what we call anti-bacterial hyper-aggressive behavior. This behavior appears ideal for phage therapy of bacterial disease. It includes (1) formation of semi-turbid zones that subsequently clear, (2) formation of miniature satellite plaques, which probably constitute the foundation of the semi-turbid zones, (3) multi-day enlargement of both circular plaques and cleared semi-turbid zones, and (4) non-formation of phage-resistant host colonies. We emphasize the following key details in our response. (1) The semi-turbid zones are asymmetric and occupy an area much larger (2-10x) than the area of circular plaques formed on the same Petri plate (unlike semi-turbid plaques associated with other phenomena, such as lysis inhibition and lysogeny). (2) In the manuscript's Figure 9d, we note that phage 0524phi7-1 destroys mature colonies of the host (unlike the behavior of other aggressive phages). (3) The asymmetry of semi-turbid zones is a point that we should have emphasized (because it implies non-diffusive, energy-requiring phage transport). (4) The input of energy for phage motion can be physical (to which we add some details for two physical effects); our mentioning of phage swimming is a hypothesis (that is, however, still viable). |
| References: | J Mol Biol. 1992 Jan 5;223(1):23-5. (PMID: 1731071) EMBO J. 2009 Apr 8;28(7):821-9. (PMID: 19229296) Viruses. 2019 Oct 16;11(10):. (PMID: 31623057) Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Mar 23;26(7):. (PMID: 40243527) Antibiotics (Basel). 2021 Jun 16;10(6):. (PMID: 34208477) Genetics. 1946 Nov;31(6):620-40. (PMID: 17247224) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024 Dec 24;121(52):e2411608121. (PMID: 39705309) J Bacteriol. 2007 Dec;189(23):8704-7. (PMID: 17890308) |
| Substance Nomenclature: | EC 3.4.99.- (endolysin) EC 3.4.- (Endopeptidases) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20251211 Date Completed: 20251211 Latest Revision: 20251214 |
| Update Code: | 20251214 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC12691794 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ijms262311468 |
| PMID: | 41373624 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
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