Health effects of wildfire PM2.5 in Latin American cities: A rapid systematic review and comparative synthesis.
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| Názov: | Health effects of wildfire PM2.5 in Latin American cities: A rapid systematic review and comparative synthesis. |
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| Transliterovaný název: | Efectos en la salud del PM2.5 por incendios forestales en ciudades de Latinoamérica: revisión sistemática rápida y síntesis comparativa |
| Autori: | Malagón-Rojas J; Observatorio Nacional de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia., Chen K; Yale Center on Climate Change and Health, Yale Institute for Global Health, New Haven, CT, USA. |
| Zdroj: | Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud [Biomedica] 2025 Nov 27; Vol. 45 (Sp. 2), pp. 41-55. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 27. |
| Spôsob vydávania: | Journal Article; Systematic Review; Meta-Analysis; Comparative Study |
| Jazyk: | English; Spanish; Castilian |
| Informácie o časopise: | Publisher: Instituto Nacional de Salud Country of Publication: Colombia NLM ID: 8205605 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2590-7379 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01204157 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Biomedica Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: Bogota : Instituto Nacional de Salud Original Publication: Bogotá, Colombia : El Instituto, [1981- |
| Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: | Particulate Matter*/adverse effects , Particulate Matter*/toxicity , Particulate Matter*/analysis , Wildfires* , Air Pollutants*/adverse effects , Smoke*/adverse effects, Humans ; Latin America/epidemiology ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Cities ; Urban Health ; Air Pollution/adverse effects ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects ; Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology |
| Abstrakt: | Introduction: Wildfire activity is intensifying in Latin America due to climate and land-use changes, but the health impacts of wildfire-derived PM2.5 in urban areas remain poorly quantified and recognized. Objective: To assess the evidence on wildfire-related PM2.5 and its association with mortality and morbidity in Latin American cities. Materials and Methods: We conducted a rapid systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines, using data from PubMed, Scopus, and Bireme. One reviewer independently screened 163 articles and extracted data from 14 eligible studies. A risk of bias assessment was conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: Most studies were conducted in Brazil (n = 12) and used time-series or modelling designs to estimate health risks. Wildfire-specific PM2.5 exposure was associated with allcause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality. Reported effect estimates ranged from 1.7 to 7.7% increases in risk per 10 μg/m³ of exposure. Other studies assessed preterm birth, COVID-19 outcomes, and site-specific cancers. While two studies provided harmonized RR estimates for all-cause mortality, high heterogeneity and methodological differences prevented formal meta-analysis. Conclusion: Wildfire smoke contributes measurably to premature mortality in Latin America, but current evidence is unevenly distributed across regions, time periods, and population subgroups. Studies rarely capture the disproportionate risks faced by indigenous and rural communities or the intraurban disparities linked to poverty and geography. Future research should focus on the health burden of morbidity linked to wildfire PM2.5. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: wildfires; climate change; particulate matter; mortality; morbidity; Latin America Local Abstract: [Publisher, Spanish; Castilian] La actividad de incendios forestales se está intensificando en América Latina debido al cambio climático y al uso del suelo, pero los impactos en la salud del material particulado fino (PM2.5) derivado de estos incendios en áreas urbanas siguen estando poco cuantificados y reconocidos. [Publisher, Spanish; Castilian] Evaluar la evidencia sobre el PM2.5 relacionado con incendios forestales y su asociación con la mortalidad y morbilidad en ciudades latinoamericanas. [Publisher, Spanish; Castilian] Se realizó una revisión sistemática rápida y un metaanálisis siguiendo las directrices PRISMA, utilizando datos de PubMed, Scopus y BIREME. Un revisor examinó de forma independiente 163 artículos y extrajo datos de 14 estudios elegibles. Se llevó a cabo una evaluación del riesgo de sesgo utilizando la escala de Newcastle–Ottawa. [Publisher, Spanish; Castilian] La mayoría de los estudios se realizaron en Brasil (n=12) y emplearon diseños de series temporales o modelos para estimar los riesgos para la salud. La exposición a PM2.5 específico de incendios se asoció con mortalidad por todas las causas, cardiovascular y respiratoria. Las estimaciones de efecto reportadas oscilaron entre aumentos del 1.7% al 7.7% en el riesgo por cada incremento de 10 µg/m³ de exposición. Otros estudios evaluaron parto prematuro, desenlaces por COVID-19 y cánceres específicos por sitio. Aunque dos estudios proporcionaron estimaciones armonizadas de riesgo relativo para la mortalidad por todas las causas, la alta heterogeneidad y las diferencias metodológicas impidieron realizar un meta-análisis formal. [Publisher, Spanish; Castilian] El humo de incendios forestales contribuye de manera significativa a la mortalidad prematura en América Latina, pero la evidencia actual está distribuida de forma desigual entre regiones, períodos de tiempo y subgrupos poblacionales. Rara vez se capturan los riesgos desproporcionados que enfrentan las comunidades indígenas y rurales, o las disparidades intraurbanas vinculadas a la pobreza y la geografía. Las investigaciones futuras deberían centrarse en la carga de morbilidad asociada al PM2.5 de incendios forestales. |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Particulate Matter) 0 (Air Pollutants) 0 (Smoke) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20251201 Date Completed: 20251201 Latest Revision: 20251202 |
| Update Code: | 20251203 |
| DOI: | 10.7705/biomedica.8068 |
| PMID: | 41325566 |
| Databáza: | MEDLINE |
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Nájsť tento článok vo Web of Science | Abstrakt: | Introduction: Wildfire activity is intensifying in Latin America due to climate and land-use changes, but the health impacts of wildfire-derived PM2.5 in urban areas remain poorly quantified and recognized.<br />Objective: To assess the evidence on wildfire-related PM2.5 and its association with mortality and morbidity in Latin American cities.<br />Materials and Methods: We conducted a rapid systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines, using data from PubMed, Scopus, and Bireme. One reviewer independently screened 163 articles and extracted data from 14 eligible studies. A risk of bias assessment was conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.<br />Results: Most studies were conducted in Brazil (n = 12) and used time-series or modelling designs to estimate health risks. Wildfire-specific PM2.5 exposure was associated with allcause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality. Reported effect estimates ranged from 1.7 to 7.7% increases in risk per 10 μg/m³ of exposure. Other studies assessed preterm birth, COVID-19 outcomes, and site-specific cancers. While two studies provided harmonized RR estimates for all-cause mortality, high heterogeneity and methodological differences prevented formal meta-analysis.<br />Conclusion: Wildfire smoke contributes measurably to premature mortality in Latin America, but current evidence is unevenly distributed across regions, time periods, and population subgroups. Studies rarely capture the disproportionate risks faced by indigenous and rural communities or the intraurban disparities linked to poverty and geography. Future research should focus on the health burden of morbidity linked to wildfire PM2.5. |
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| ISSN: | 2590-7379 |
| DOI: | 10.7705/biomedica.8068 |