A descriptive study of access to psychological assessment materials on-line: How accessible are images of commonly used cognitive and personality tests?
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| Název: | A descriptive study of access to psychological assessment materials on-line: How accessible are images of commonly used cognitive and personality tests? |
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| Autoři: | MacNeil BA; Department of Behavioral Science, College of Health Science, Doctoral Clinical Psychology Program, Midwestern University, 19555 N 59th Ave, Glendale, AZ 85308, United States of America. Electronic address: bmacne@midwestern.edu., Fitzgibbons G; Department of Behavioral Science, College of Health Science, Doctoral Clinical Psychology Program, Midwestern University, 19555 N 59th Ave, Glendale, AZ 85308, United States of America., Gotfried C; Department of Behavioral Science, College of Health Science, Doctoral Clinical Psychology Program, Midwestern University, 19555 N 59th Ave, Glendale, AZ 85308, United States of America., Kraft L; Department of Behavioral Science, College of Health Science, Doctoral Clinical Psychology Program, Midwestern University, 19555 N 59th Ave, Glendale, AZ 85308, United States of America., Krain P; Department of Behavioral Science, College of Health Science, Doctoral Clinical Psychology Program, Midwestern University, 19555 N 59th Ave, Glendale, AZ 85308, United States of America., Mendoza M; Department of Behavioral Science, College of Health Science, Doctoral Clinical Psychology Program, Midwestern University, 19555 N 59th Ave, Glendale, AZ 85308, United States of America., Parr C; Department of Behavioral Science, College of Health Science, Doctoral Clinical Psychology Program, Midwestern University, 19555 N 59th Ave, Glendale, AZ 85308, United States of America., Savage I; Department of Behavioral Science, College of Health Science, Doctoral Clinical Psychology Program, Midwestern University, 19555 N 59th Ave, Glendale, AZ 85308, United States of America., Wilkerson O; Department of Behavioral Science, College of Health Science, Doctoral Clinical Psychology Program, Midwestern University, 19555 N 59th Ave, Glendale, AZ 85308, United States of America. |
| Zdroj: | Acta psychologica [Acta Psychol (Amst)] 2025 Sep; Vol. 259, pp. 105440. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Aug 19. |
| Způsob vydávání: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
| Informace o časopise: | Publisher: North Holland Publishing Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 0370366 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-6297 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00016918 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Acta Psychol (Amst) Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: Amsterdam : North Holland Publishing Original Publication: The Hague. |
| Výrazy ze slovníku MeSH: | Internet* , Personality Tests* , Psychological Tests* , Access to Information*, Humans |
| Abstrakt: | Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest currently. The protection of psychological tests is important. The potential for open access to protected test materials on the internet represents a new concern. In this exploratory study, we examined access to images of commonly used cognitive and personality test materials on the internet. We also examined the content of the images that were accessible, whether test stimuli or sample stimuli were present, and the online posting source. An internet image search was conducted using keywords to determine web-based access to cognitive and personality test materials. Results demonstrated easy access to images of many commonly used cognitive and personality test materials through an online image search. Images included test record forms, and in some cases actual or sample test items and stimuli. Common sources where the images were posted online included social media, research and private practice websites. Results from this exploratory study provide initial helpful insights into the access to images of psychological test materials online, and safeguarding considerations for psychologists, other professionals, and test publishers working to protect the integrity of these tests. (Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.) |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Cognitive; Personality; Psychological assessment; Test protection; Test security |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20250820 Date Completed: 20250905 Latest Revision: 20250905 |
| Update Code: | 20250905 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105440 |
| PMID: | 40834780 |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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Nájsť tento článok vo Web of Science | Abstrakt: | Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest currently.<br />The protection of psychological tests is important. The potential for open access to protected test materials on the internet represents a new concern. In this exploratory study, we examined access to images of commonly used cognitive and personality test materials on the internet. We also examined the content of the images that were accessible, whether test stimuli or sample stimuli were present, and the online posting source. An internet image search was conducted using keywords to determine web-based access to cognitive and personality test materials. Results demonstrated easy access to images of many commonly used cognitive and personality test materials through an online image search. Images included test record forms, and in some cases actual or sample test items and stimuli. Common sources where the images were posted online included social media, research and private practice websites. Results from this exploratory study provide initial helpful insights into the access to images of psychological test materials online, and safeguarding considerations for psychologists, other professionals, and test publishers working to protect the integrity of these tests.<br /> (Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.) |
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| ISSN: | 1873-6297 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105440 |