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Seasonal coastal groundwater dynamics in Lahaina beaches, Hawai'i: Implications for contaminant transport in a post-wildfire setting.

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Název: Seasonal coastal groundwater dynamics in Lahaina beaches, Hawai'i: Implications for contaminant transport in a post-wildfire setting.
Autoři: Lopez E; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA., Geng X; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA. Electronic address: gengxiaolong@gmail.com., Haroon A; The Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA., Zhang H; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA., Zou Y; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA., Yan T; Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA., Dulai H; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA., Shuler C; Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
Zdroj: Marine pollution bulletin [Mar Pollut Bull] 2025 Nov; Vol. 220, pp. 118424. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jul 09.
Způsob vydávání: Journal Article
Jazyk: English
Informace o časopise: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0260231 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-3363 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0025326X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mar Pollut Bull Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: 2003- : Oxford : Elsevier
Original Publication: London, Macmillan.
Výrazy ze slovníku MeSH: Groundwater*/chemistry , Water Pollutants, Chemical*/analysis , Environmental Monitoring* , Wildfires*, Seasons ; Hawaii ; Seawater/chemistry ; Salinity ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/analysis ; Water Movements
Abstrakt: Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. The author is an Editorial Board Member/Editor-in-Chief/Associate Editor/Guest Editor for Marine Pollution Bulletin and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article.
The August 2023 wildfire in Lahaina, Maui, resulted in extensive environmental damage, including the release of untreated wastewater and combustion-derived pollutants such as nutrients and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) into the environment. Motivated by this event, this study investigates the seasonal dynamics of groundwater flow and solute transport within a beach in a post-wildfire setting. Utilizing field observations and a two-dimensional, density-dependent, variably saturated groundwater model calibrated with year-long data, we simulated groundwater flow and salinity distributions. Lagrangian particle tracking was subsequently employed to assess solute pathways and transit times under contrasting seasonal conditions. Results indicate that during the summer, the inland groundwater table in the beach is relatively higher, likely due to a delayed inland recharge signal, leading to predominantly seaward groundwater flow with rapid solute transport to the shoreline. Conversely, winter conditions, marked by enhanced tidal effects and wave activity, induce greater seawater infiltration, deeper recirculation cells, and a net inland-directed flow, leading to landward movement and retention of solutes within the aquifer. Extended transit times under these conditions enhance the potential for in-situ transformations, including sorption, microbial redox reactions, and mineral precipitation/dissolution, particularly affecting redox-sensitive species like phosphate, ammonium, and iron-bound contaminants. Spatial variability in nutrient concentrations across the beach subsurface underscores the role of tidal modulation in influencing solute export. These findings highlight the necessity of incorporating seasonal and tidal variability into coastal contaminant fate assessment and inform time-sensitive management strategies for post-wildfire recovery and the protection of nearshore ecosystems in Hawai'i and similar coastal regions.
(Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Beach groundwater dynamics; Field measurements; Groundwater modeling; Lahaina wildfires; Wildfire-derived contaminants
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
0 (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20250710 Date Completed: 20250903 Latest Revision: 20250903
Update Code: 20250904
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118424
PMID: 40638946
Databáze: MEDLINE
Popis
Abstrakt:Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. The author is an Editorial Board Member/Editor-in-Chief/Associate Editor/Guest Editor for Marine Pollution Bulletin and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article.<br />The August 2023 wildfire in Lahaina, Maui, resulted in extensive environmental damage, including the release of untreated wastewater and combustion-derived pollutants such as nutrients and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) into the environment. Motivated by this event, this study investigates the seasonal dynamics of groundwater flow and solute transport within a beach in a post-wildfire setting. Utilizing field observations and a two-dimensional, density-dependent, variably saturated groundwater model calibrated with year-long data, we simulated groundwater flow and salinity distributions. Lagrangian particle tracking was subsequently employed to assess solute pathways and transit times under contrasting seasonal conditions. Results indicate that during the summer, the inland groundwater table in the beach is relatively higher, likely due to a delayed inland recharge signal, leading to predominantly seaward groundwater flow with rapid solute transport to the shoreline. Conversely, winter conditions, marked by enhanced tidal effects and wave activity, induce greater seawater infiltration, deeper recirculation cells, and a net inland-directed flow, leading to landward movement and retention of solutes within the aquifer. Extended transit times under these conditions enhance the potential for in-situ transformations, including sorption, microbial redox reactions, and mineral precipitation/dissolution, particularly affecting redox-sensitive species like phosphate, ammonium, and iron-bound contaminants. Spatial variability in nutrient concentrations across the beach subsurface underscores the role of tidal modulation in influencing solute export. These findings highlight the necessity of incorporating seasonal and tidal variability into coastal contaminant fate assessment and inform time-sensitive management strategies for post-wildfire recovery and the protection of nearshore ecosystems in Hawai'i and similar coastal regions.<br /> (Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
ISSN:1879-3363
DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118424