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A comprehensive network analysis of biopsychosocial factors associated with postpartum depression.

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Titel: A comprehensive network analysis of biopsychosocial factors associated with postpartum depression.
Autoren: Hoorelbeke K; Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, Ghent University, Henri-Dunantlaan 2, Belgium. Electronic address: Kristof.Hoorelbeke@UGent.be., Fried EI; Department of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333, AK, Leiden, the Netherlands., Koster EHW; Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, Ghent University, Henri-Dunantlaan 2, Belgium.
Quelle: Journal of affective disorders [J Affect Disord] 2025 Dec 01; Vol. 390, pp. 119808. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jul 01.
Publikationsart: Journal Article
Sprache: English
Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 7906073 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1573-2517 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01650327 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Affect Disord Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Amsterdam, Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press.
MeSH-Schlagworte: Depression, Postpartum*/epidemiology , Depression, Postpartum*/psychology , Models, Biopsychosocial*, Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Young Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Risk Factors ; Social Factors ; United States/epidemiology
Abstract: Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Kristof Hoorelbeke reports financial support was provided by Research Foundation Flanders. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Background: This study investigated relations between a broad set of postpartum depression (PPD) risk- and protective factors, their centrality and unique relations with PPD symptoms.
Methods: Mixed graphical network models were estimated in cross-sectional data collected during Phase 7 (2012-2015) of the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System. Women were contacted two to six months following birth. Half of the 57,518 women were included in exploratory model 1, the other half in model 2 for cross-validation. A broad selection of biopsychosocial factors were modelled, including sociodemographic variables, indices of maternal health (behavior), pregnancy course, support, infant variables, and stressors.
Results: A densely connected network of risk- and protective factors was obtained. Pregnancy duration, infant intensive care unit placement, infertility treatment, birth weight, income, and childbirth classes were ranked among the most central variables in the model. Out of 35 biopsychosocial factors included in the model, 11 were robustly related with PPD across both samples. High income, pre-pregnancy physical activity, pregnancy intention, and prenatal care focusing on depression risk were related to lower depression severity. Several other variables, including prior history of depression, pre-pregnancy dieting, prenatal risk behavior, and personal stressors were uniquely related to increased depression severity. Depressive complaints reduced with increased time since delivery. Women experiencing depressive symptoms were more likely to rely on aid from health workers postpartum. Results from models 1 and 2 were largely identical.
Conclusions: Although cross-sectional in nature, these findings shed light on the complex associations between key risk- and protective factors for PPD, with implications for early detection and prevention.
(Copyright © 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Network analysis; PPD; PRAMS; Postpartum depression; Vulnerability
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20250703 Date Completed: 20250912 Latest Revision: 20250912
Update Code: 20250913
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2025.119808
PMID: 40609655
Datenbank: MEDLINE
Beschreibung
Abstract:Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Kristof Hoorelbeke reports financial support was provided by Research Foundation Flanders. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.<br />Background: This study investigated relations between a broad set of postpartum depression (PPD) risk- and protective factors, their centrality and unique relations with PPD symptoms.<br />Methods: Mixed graphical network models were estimated in cross-sectional data collected during Phase 7 (2012-2015) of the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System. Women were contacted two to six months following birth. Half of the 57,518 women were included in exploratory model 1, the other half in model 2 for cross-validation. A broad selection of biopsychosocial factors were modelled, including sociodemographic variables, indices of maternal health (behavior), pregnancy course, support, infant variables, and stressors.<br />Results: A densely connected network of risk- and protective factors was obtained. Pregnancy duration, infant intensive care unit placement, infertility treatment, birth weight, income, and childbirth classes were ranked among the most central variables in the model. Out of 35 biopsychosocial factors included in the model, 11 were robustly related with PPD across both samples. High income, pre-pregnancy physical activity, pregnancy intention, and prenatal care focusing on depression risk were related to lower depression severity. Several other variables, including prior history of depression, pre-pregnancy dieting, prenatal risk behavior, and personal stressors were uniquely related to increased depression severity. Depressive complaints reduced with increased time since delivery. Women experiencing depressive symptoms were more likely to rely on aid from health workers postpartum. Results from models 1 and 2 were largely identical.<br />Conclusions: Although cross-sectional in nature, these findings shed light on the complex associations between key risk- and protective factors for PPD, with implications for early detection and prevention.<br /> (Copyright © 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
ISSN:1573-2517
DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2025.119808