In EDS ansehen

Planning through exception: The rise of elite informality in Istanbul.

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Titel: Planning through exception: The rise of elite informality in Istanbul.
Autoren: Tomruk, Banu1,2 (AUTHOR) banu.tomruk@bilgi.edu.tr
Quelle: Cities. Feb2026, Vol. 169, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Schlagwörter: *MIXED-use developments, *LAND use, URBAN policy, UPPER class, ADMINISTRATIVE discretion (Law), PUBLIC value, PUBLIC spaces
Geografische Kategorien: ISTANBUL (Turkey)
Abstract: This article investigates how three large-scale mixed-use complexes in Istanbul (Zorlu Center, Mall of Istanbul, and Metropol Istanbul) consolidate a state-enabled mode of elite informality through discretionary plan revisions and regulatory flexibility. It analyzes document archives, site observations, and 30 semi-structured interviews conducted across the three sites to trace governance instruments, land conversions, and spatial outcomes. The cases share a monolithic, single-owner morphology with low perimeter permeability and consumption-oriented quasi-public realms. Ground-floor public open-space provision is conspicuously low (approximately 11 % at Zorlu, and about 5 % at Mall of Istanbul and Metropol), well below neighborhood-scale expectations derived from Istanbul's planning standards. Conceptually, the study situates these patterns within graduated sovereignty and planning-by-exception, showing how formal instruments are selectively mobilized to reallocate public or formerly public land for private returns. Building on these findings, the article advances auditable policy tools, minimum perimeter porosity and non-paywalled ratios in plan notes; ring-fenced value capture to deliver at-grade links and green areas; and a Social-Use Overlay to secure affordability when public/formerly public parcels are upzoned or disposed. The contribution is twofold: it reframes these projects as institutionalized, not anomalous, expressions of elite informality, and converts comparative insights into enforceable measures that align development rights with measurable civic returns. • Large mixed-use complexes entrench state-enabled elite informality. • Regulatory flexibility and opaque rezoning produce privatized urban enclaves. • Enclaved, low-porosity layouts privilege consumption over civic use. • Reforming urban governance requires transparency, participation, and legal accountability. • Auditable metrics and value capture can rebalance civic returns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Cities is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Datenbank: Business Source Index
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
CustomLinks:
  – Url: https://resolver.ebscohost.com/openurl?sid=EBSCO:bsx&genre=article&issn=02642751&ISBN=&volume=169&issue=&date=20260201&spage=N.PAG&pages=&title=Cities&atitle=Planning%20through%20exception%3A%20The%20rise%20of%20elite%20informality%20in%20Istanbul.&aulast=Tomruk%2C%20Banu&id=DOI:10.1016/j.cities.2025.106528
    Name: Full Text Finder
    Category: fullText
    Text: Full Text Finder
    Icon: https://imageserver.ebscohost.com/branding/images/FTF.gif
    MouseOverText: Full Text Finder
  – Url: https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=EBSCO&SrcAuth=EBSCO&DestApp=WOS&ServiceName=TransferToWoS&DestLinkType=GeneralSearchSummary&Func=Links&author=Tomruk%20B
    Name: ISI
    Category: fullText
    Text: Nájsť tento článok vo Web of Science
    Icon: https://imagesrvr.epnet.com/ls/20docs.gif
    MouseOverText: Nájsť tento článok vo Web of Science
Header DbId: bsx
DbLabel: Business Source Index
An: 189338293
RelevancyScore: 1338
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 1337.99206542969
IllustrationInfo
Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Planning through exception: The rise of elite informality in Istanbul.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tomruk%2C+Banu%22">Tomruk, Banu</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> banu.tomruk@bilgi.edu.tr</i>
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Cities%22">Cities</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 169, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22MIXED-use+developments%22">MIXED-use developments</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22LAND+use%22">LAND use</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22URBAN+policy%22">URBAN policy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22UPPER+class%22">UPPER class</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22ADMINISTRATIVE+discretion+%28Law%29%22">ADMINISTRATIVE discretion (Law)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22PUBLIC+value%22">PUBLIC value</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22PUBLIC+spaces%22">PUBLIC spaces</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22ISTANBUL+%28Turkey%29%22">ISTANBUL (Turkey)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This article investigates how three large-scale mixed-use complexes in Istanbul (Zorlu Center, Mall of Istanbul, and Metropol Istanbul) consolidate a state-enabled mode of elite informality through discretionary plan revisions and regulatory flexibility. It analyzes document archives, site observations, and 30 semi-structured interviews conducted across the three sites to trace governance instruments, land conversions, and spatial outcomes. The cases share a monolithic, single-owner morphology with low perimeter permeability and consumption-oriented quasi-public realms. Ground-floor public open-space provision is conspicuously low (approximately 11 % at Zorlu, and about 5 % at Mall of Istanbul and Metropol), well below neighborhood-scale expectations derived from Istanbul's planning standards. Conceptually, the study situates these patterns within graduated sovereignty and planning-by-exception, showing how formal instruments are selectively mobilized to reallocate public or formerly public land for private returns. Building on these findings, the article advances auditable policy tools, minimum perimeter porosity and non-paywalled ratios in plan notes; ring-fenced value capture to deliver at-grade links and green areas; and a Social-Use Overlay to secure affordability when public/formerly public parcels are upzoned or disposed. The contribution is twofold: it reframes these projects as institutionalized, not anomalous, expressions of elite informality, and converts comparative insights into enforceable measures that align development rights with measurable civic returns. • Large mixed-use complexes entrench state-enabled elite informality. • Regulatory flexibility and opaque rezoning produce privatized urban enclaves. • Enclaved, low-porosity layouts privilege consumption over civic use. • Reforming urban governance requires transparency, participation, and legal accountability. • Auditable metrics and value capture can rebalance civic returns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Cities is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://erproxy.cvtisr.sk/sfx/access?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=bsx&AN=189338293
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.cities.2025.106528
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 1
        StartPage: N.PAG
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: MIXED-use developments
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: LAND use
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: URBAN policy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: UPPER class
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: ADMINISTRATIVE discretion (Law)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: PUBLIC value
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: PUBLIC spaces
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: ISTANBUL (Turkey)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Planning through exception: The rise of elite informality in Istanbul.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Tomruk, Banu
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 02
              Text: Feb2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 02642751
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 169
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Cities
              Type: main
ResultId 1