Suchergebnisse - "Propolis"

Evaluating the cytotoxicity and efficacy of nanoemulsion containing propolis plus Nigella sativa nanoparticles for pulpotomy of primary teeth: randomised split-mouth clinical trial pilot study.

Autoren: Osanloo AM Hamze F Haghgoo R et al.

Quelle: European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry [Eur Arch Paediatr Dent] 2025 Dec; Vol. 26 (6), pp. 1193-1200. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 13.

Publikationsart: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101277157 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1996-9805 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 18186300 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Eur Arch Paediatr Dent Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Propolis*/toxicity , Propolis*/pharmacology , Tooth, Deciduous* , Nigella sativa*/chemistry , Pulpotomy*/methods , Nanoparticles* , Plant Extracts*, Humans ; Pilot Projects ; Male ; Child ; Emulsions ; Female ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Child, Preschool ; Dental Pulp Capping/methods

Comparative evaluation of propolis, fluoride and probiotic mouthwashes on streptococcus mutans and oxidative stress in fixed orthodontic patients: A triple-blind, randomized controlled trial with 9-month follow-up.

Autoren: Chandrashekaraiah P Benzigar R Shivananjan R et al.

Quelle: International orthodontics [Int Orthod] 2025 Dec; Vol. 23 (4), pp. 101017. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 May 15.

Publikationsart: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Comparative Study

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Masson Country of Publication: France NLM ID: 101184882 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-680X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17617727 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int Orthod Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Streptococcus mutans*/drug effects , Mouthwashes*/pharmacology , Mouthwashes*/therapeutic use , Propolis*/pharmacology , Propolis*/therapeutic use , Oxidative Stress*/drug effects , Probiotics*/pharmacology , Probiotics*/therapeutic use , Fluorides*/pharmacology , Fluorides*/therapeutic use , Orthodontic Appliances, Fixed*/adverse effects, Humans ; Female ; Male ; Adolescent ; Saliva/chemistry ; Follow-Up Studies ; Young Adult

Aqueous extracts of propolis modulate ECM remodeling and calcium levels during pre-osteoblast differentiation.

Autoren: de Morais PB de Almeida GS Orsi RO et al.

Quelle: Tissue & cell [Tissue Cell] 2025 Dec; Vol. 97, pp. 103101. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Aug 25.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Churchill Livingstone Country of Publication: Scotland NLM ID: 0214745 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1532-3072 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00408166 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Tissue Cell Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Propolis*/pharmacology , Propolis*/chemistry , Cell Differentiation*/drug effects , Osteoblasts*/drug effects , Osteoblasts*/metabolism , Osteoblasts*/cytology , Extracellular Matrix*/metabolism , Extracellular Matrix*/drug effects , Calcium*/metabolism, Animals ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Osteogenesis/drug effects ; Mice ; Cell Adhesion/drug effects

Immunomodulatory Role of Propolis in Hypoxia and in the Tumor Microenvironment.

Autoren: Kłósek M Kurek-Górecka A Balwierz R et al.

Quelle: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) [Molecules] 2025 Nov 19; Vol. 30 (22). Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 19.

Publikationsart: Journal Article; Review

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 100964009 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1420-3049 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14203049 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Molecules Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Propolis*/pharmacology , Propolis*/chemistry , Propolis*/therapeutic use , Tumor Microenvironment*/drug effects , Tumor Microenvironment*/immunology , Neoplasms*/drug therapy , Neoplasms*/immunology , Neoplasms*/pathology , Neoplasms*/metabolism , Immunologic Factors*/pharmacology, Humans ; Animals ; Immunomodulation/drug effects ; Cytokines/metabolism

Propolis improves intestinal barrier function against Cryptosporidium parvum via NLRP6 inflammasome.

Autoren: Xu C He Q Zhu Z et al.

Quelle: MBio [mBio] 2025 Nov 12; Vol. 16 (11), pp. e0231725. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 08.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: American Society for Microbiology Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101519231 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2150-7511 (Electronic) NLM ISO Abbreviation: mBio Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Cryptosporidium parvum*/drug effects , Propolis*/pharmacology , Propolis*/chemistry , Inflammasomes*/metabolism , Inflammasomes*/drug effects , Cryptosporidiosis*/drug therapy , Cryptosporidiosis*/parasitology , Intestines*/drug effects , Intestines*/parasitology, Animals ; Mice ; Humans ; Cytokines/blood ; Disease Models, Animal ; Intestinal Mucosa/drug effects ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; Intestinal Barrier Function ; Receptors, Cell Surface

Improving cisplatin chemotherapy in vivo by niosomal propolis and chrysin as nanoadjuvants.

Autoren: Mohamad EA El-Garhy MR Rageh MM

Quelle: Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) [Med Oncol] 2025 Nov 05; Vol. 42 (12), pp. 539. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 05.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9435512 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1559-131X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13570560 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Med Oncol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Propolis*/administration & dosage , Propolis*/pharmacology , Propolis*/chemistry , Cisplatin*/pharmacology , Cisplatin*/administration & dosage , Cisplatin*/therapeutic use , Flavonoids*/administration & dosage , Flavonoids*/pharmacology , Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor*/drug therapy , Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor*/pathology , Antineoplastic Agents*/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents*/administration & dosage, Animals ; Female ; Mice ; Liposomes

Collagen Hydrogel Loaded With Propolis-Loaded ZIF-8 Nanoparticles and Menstrual Blood Stem Cells for Osteoarthritis Treatment.

Autoren: Zou Y Zhang Y Sun X et al.

Quelle: Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials [J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater] 2025 Nov; Vol. 113 (11), pp. e35683.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101234238 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1552-4981 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15524973 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Hydrogels*/chemistry , Hydrogels*/pharmacology , Nanoparticles*/chemistry , Osteoarthritis*/therapy , Osteoarthritis*/metabolism , Osteoarthritis*/pathology , Propolis*/chemistry , Propolis*/pharmacology , Propolis*/pharmacokinetics , Collagen*/chemistry , Collagen*/pharmacology , Stem Cells*/metabolism , Stem Cells*/pathology , Metal-Organic Frameworks*/chemistry , Metal-Organic Frameworks*/pharmacology, Animals ; Rats ; Female ; Humans ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Results of Patch Testing With a Brazilian Propolis Dilution Series.

Autoren: van Oers EM Ipenburg NA de Groot AC et al.

Quelle: Contact dermatitis [Contact Dermatitis] 2025 Nov; Vol. 93 (5), pp. 398-403. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jul 18.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Wiley Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 7604950 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1600-0536 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01051873 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Contact Dermatitis Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Propolis*/adverse effects , Patch Tests*/methods , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact*/etiology , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact*/diagnosis , Allergens*/adverse effects, Humans ; Male ; Female ; Prospective Studies ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Brazil ; Aged ; Young Adult ; False Positive Reactions ; Adolescent

Stingless bee propolis-loaded alginate/zinc nanogels: Enhanced propolis bioavailability and effects on melanoma cells migration.

Autoren: Hochheim S da Cruz AF Zimmermann LM et al.

Quelle: International journal of biological macromolecules [Int J Biol Macromol] 2025 Nov; Vol. 330 (Pt 2), pp. 147958. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 28.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 7909578 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-0003 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01418130 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Biol Macromol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Propolis*/chemistry , Propolis*/pharmacology , Propolis*/pharmacokinetics , Alginates*/chemistry , Zinc*/chemistry , Cell Movement*/drug effects , Melanoma*/pathology , Melanoma*/drug therapy , Nanogels*/chemistry, Animals ; Biological Availability ; Bees/chemistry ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Drug Liberation ; Drug Carriers/chemistry

Red propolis cream and its therapeutic potential for skin lesions caused by burns.

Autoren: Souza Munhoz LL Noronha JJP Faccioti PR et al.

Quelle: Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries [Burns] 2025 Nov; Vol. 51 (8), pp. 107583. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jun 21.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 8913178 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-1409 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03054179 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Burns Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Propolis*/pharmacology , Propolis*/therapeutic use , Burns*/drug therapy , Burns*/pathology , Wound Healing*/drug effects, Animals ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects ; Mice ; Male ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Skin Cream/pharmacology ; Skin/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/drug effects ; Cell Movement/drug effects

Chemical characterizations, antioxidant potential and antibacterial efficacy of propolis and postbiotic metabolites against gastrointestinal bacterial pathogens.

Autoren: Kiani R Mojgani N Kobarfard F et al.

Quelle: Microbial pathogenesis [Microb Pathog] 2025 Nov; Vol. 208, pp. 107994. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Aug 21.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Academic Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8606191 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1096-1208 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 08824010 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Microb Pathog Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Propolis*/pharmacology , Propolis*/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/chemistry , Antioxidants*/pharmacology , Antioxidants*/chemistry , Bacteria*/drug effects , Gastrointestinal Tract*/microbiology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Flavonoids/analysis ; Flavonoids/pharmacology ; Helicobacter pylori/drug effects ; Limosilactobacillus reuteri/metabolism ; Limosilactobacillus reuteri/chemistry ; Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus/metabolism ; Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus/chemistry ; Salmonella/drug effects ; Phenols/analysis ; Phenols/pharmacology ; Shigella/drug effects ; Probiotics/pharmacology ; Iran

Unraveling the potential targeting activity of propolis against transcriptional regulator prfA from Listeria monocytogenes to combat listeriosis.

Autoren: Ravindhiran R Dhandapani K

Quelle: Journal of molecular graphics & modelling [J Mol Graph Model] 2025 Nov; Vol. 140, pp. 109123. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jul 10.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier Science, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9716237 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-4243 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10933263 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Mol Graph Model Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Propolis*/chemistry , Propolis*/pharmacology , Listeria monocytogenes*/drug effects , Listeria monocytogenes*/pathogenicity , Bacterial Proteins*/chemistry , Bacterial Proteins*/antagonists & inhibitors , Bacterial Proteins*/metabolism , Peptide Termination Factors*/chemistry , Peptide Termination Factors*/antagonists & inhibitors , Peptide Termination Factors*/metabolism , Listeriosis*/drug therapy , Listeriosis*/microbiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/pharmacology, Molecular Docking Simulation ; Ligands ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; Protein Binding

Screening of Propolis compounds reveals potential inhibitors of rhinovirus 3C protease: A computational study.

Autoren: Essaadi H Aherkou M Hakmi M et al.

Quelle: Journal of molecular graphics & modelling [J Mol Graph Model] 2025 Nov; Vol. 140, pp. 109121. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jul 03.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier Science, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9716237 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-4243 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10933263 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Mol Graph Model Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Rhinovirus*/enzymology , Rhinovirus*/drug effects , Viral Proteins*/antagonists & inhibitors , Viral Proteins*/chemistry , Propolis*/chemistry , Propolis*/pharmacology , Cysteine Endopeptidases*/chemistry , Antiviral Agents*/chemistry , Antiviral Agents*/pharmacology , Viral Protease Inhibitors*/chemistry , Viral Protease Inhibitors*/pharmacology, Molecular Docking Simulation ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; 3C Viral Proteases ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Protein Binding ; Thermodynamics ; Ligands ; Humans

Propolis-loaded liposomes (ProLip) enhance macrophage-mediated immunomodulation and suppress breast cancer cell proliferation.

Autoren: Mohd Zain H Muhamad M Nik Mohamed Kamal NNS

Quelle: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2025 Oct 15; Vol. 15 (1), pp. 35994. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 15.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Propolis*/pharmacology , Propolis*/chemistry , Propolis*/administration & dosage , Liposomes*/chemistry , Macrophages*/immunology , Macrophages*/drug effects , Macrophages*/metabolism , Breast Neoplasms*/drug therapy , Breast Neoplasms*/pathology , Breast Neoplasms*/immunology , Immunomodulation*/drug effects, Humans ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Female ; Animals ; Mice ; Particle Size ; Cytokines/metabolism ; MCF-7 Cells ; Apoptosis/drug effects

From Chemistry to Bioactivity: HS-SPME-GC-MS Profiling and Bacterial Growth Inhibition of Three Different Propolis Samples from Romania, Australia, and Uruguay.

Autoren: Balwierz R Kasperkiewicz K Straszak M et al.

Quelle: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) [Molecules] 2025 Oct 08; Vol. 30 (19). Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 08.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 100964009 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1420-3049 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14203049 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Molecules Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Propolis*/chemistry , Propolis*/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/chemistry , Bacteria*/drug effects , Bacteria*/growth & development, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Romania ; Australia ; Uruguay ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Solid Phase Microextraction ; Volatile Organic Compounds/chemistry ; Volatile Organic Compounds/pharmacology

The Functional Ability of Stingless Bees (Lepidotrigona) Propolis on Inflammation-Related Disorders.

Autoren: Sunthorn S Su YC Chiu CH et al.

Quelle: Molecular nutrition & food research [Mol Nutr Food Res] 2025 Oct; Vol. 69 (20), pp. e70163. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jun 29.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Wiley-VCH Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 101231818 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1613-4133 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16134125 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mol Nutr Food Res Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Propolis*/pharmacology , Propolis*/chemistry , Anti-Inflammatory Agents*/pharmacology , Inflammation*/drug therapy, Animals ; Mice ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Bees/chemistry ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; NF-kappa B/genetics ; Interleukin-6/metabolism ; Interleukin-6/genetics ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/genetics ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics ; Polyphenols/pharmacology ; Polyphenols/analysis ; Macrophages/drug effects ; Dendritic Cells/drug effects

Propolis impairs cellular proliferation by promoting oxidative damage and disrupting macromolecular composition in a yeast model.

Autoren: Yardımcı BK Şimşek Özek N Güler A et al.

Quelle: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2025 Dec 03; Vol. 15 (1), pp. 43085. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Dec 03.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Propolis*/pharmacology , Saccharomyces cerevisiae*/drug effects , Saccharomyces cerevisiae*/metabolism , Saccharomyces cerevisiae*/genetics , Oxidative Stress*/drug effects , Cell Proliferation*/drug effects, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics ; Catalase/genetics

Protecting the power of organic propolis: microencapsulation preserves phenolic bioactivity through digestion and intestinal transport.

Autoren: Saliba ASMC Ballan LR de Sá SG et al.

Quelle: Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) [Food Res Int] 2025 Dec; Vol. 221 (Pt 4), pp. 117531. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 24.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Published on behalf of the Canadian Institute of Food Science and Technology by Elsevier Applied Science Country of Publication: Canada NLM ID: 9210143 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-7145 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09639969 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Food Res Int Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Propolis*/chemistry , Propolis*/pharmacology , Digestion* , Phenols*/pharmacology , Phenols*/chemistry , Drug Compounding*/methods, Animals ; Mice ; Humans ; Caco-2 Cells ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology ; Brazil ; Gum Arabic/chemistry

Molecular mechanisms of propolis in adipogenesis, lipid metabolism and white adipose tissue Browning: a systematic review of preclinical studies.

Autoren: Megantara I Karisa P Pakpahan WI et al.

Quelle: Adipocyte [Adipocyte] 2025 Dec; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 2576894. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 18.

Publikationsart: Journal Article; Systematic Review; Review

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Taylor & Francis Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101567863 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2162-397X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 21623945 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Adipocyte Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Propolis*/pharmacology , Adipogenesis*/drug effects , Lipid Metabolism*/drug effects , Adipose Tissue, White*/metabolism , Adipose Tissue, White*/drug effects , Adipose Tissue, Brown*/metabolism , Adipose Tissue, Brown*/drug effects, Animals ; Humans

Propolis as a therapeutic alternative in mastitis treatment: A systematic review of veterinary clinical trials.

Autoren: de Paula Martins Pereira M Januario GB da Fonseca LM et al.

Quelle: Research in veterinary science [Res Vet Sci] 2025 Dec; Vol. 197, pp. 105946. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 03.

Publikationsart: Journal Article; Systematic Review; Review

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: British Veterinary Association Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0401300 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1532-2661 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00345288 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Res Vet Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Mastitis, Bovine*/drug therapy , Propolis*/therapeutic use , Anti-Infective Agents*/therapeutic use, Animals ; Cattle ; Female ; Clinical Trials as Topic