Suchergebnisse - "Myoblasts"

Effects of α-dicarbonyl compounds on cell viability in chicken myoblasts.

Autoren: Okino M Makino R Tachibana T

Quelle: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology [Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol] 2025 Dec; Vol. 310, pp. 111937. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 30.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9806096 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1531-4332 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10956433 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Pyruvaldehyde*/toxicity , Pyruvaldehyde*/pharmacology , Myoblasts*/drug effects , Myoblasts*/metabolism , Myoblasts*/cytology , Glyoxal*/toxicity , Glyoxal*/pharmacology, Animals ; Chickens ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects ; NAD/metabolism ; Mitochondria/drug effects ; Mitochondria/metabolism

miR-125b Orchestrates the Proliferation and Fusion of Myoblasts in Chinese Perch by Targeting the MyoD and Myomaker.

Autoren: Zhu X Zeng W Meng Y et al.

Quelle: Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) [Mar Biotechnol (NY)] 2025 Oct 30; Vol. 27 (6), pp. 153. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 30.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Springer-Verlag New York Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 100892712 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1436-2236 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14362228 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mar Biotechnol (NY) Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: MicroRNAs*/genetics , MicroRNAs*/metabolism , Myoblasts*/metabolism , Myoblasts*/cytology , MyoD Protein*/genetics , MyoD Protein*/metabolism , Perches*/genetics , Perches*/metabolism , Fish Proteins*/genetics , Fish Proteins*/metabolism, Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Muscle Development/genetics

Activation of Sirtuin3 by 6,4'-Dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone Against Myoblasts Senescence by Attenuating D-Galactose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.

Autoren: Li B Gu Y Zhou L et al.

Quelle: Nutrients [Nutrients] 2025 Oct 20; Vol. 17 (20). Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 20.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: MDPI Publishing Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101521595 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-6643 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20726643 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nutrients Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Sirtuin 3*/metabolism , Sirtuin 3*/genetics , Oxidative Stress*/drug effects , Galactose*/adverse effects , Cellular Senescence*/drug effects , Myoblasts*/drug effects , Myoblasts*/metabolism , Inflammation*/chemically induced , Inflammation*/drug therapy, Animals ; Mice ; Cell Line ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects

Astragalus polysaccharide enhances OGT-mediated O-GlcNAcylation to stabilize PINK1 to induce mitophagy in D-galactose treated C2C12 myoblasts.

Autoren: Chen D Qiu Z Wu Y et al.

Quelle: International immunopharmacology [Int Immunopharmacol] 2025 Dec 03; Vol. 166, pp. 115617. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 01.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier Science Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 100965259 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1878-1705 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15675769 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int Immunopharmacol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Polysaccharides*/pharmacology , Polysaccharides*/therapeutic use , Myoblasts*/drug effects , Myoblasts*/metabolism , Protein Kinases*/metabolism , N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases*/metabolism , N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases*/genetics , Astragalus Plant*/immunology , Sarcopenia*/drug therapy , Sarcopenia*/chemically induced, Animals ; Mitophagy/drug effects ; Mice ; Galactose ; Male ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Cell Line ; Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects ; Mitochondria/drug effects

The myoblast methylome: multiple types of associations with chromatin and transcription.

Autoren: Sen S Lacey M Baribault C et al.

Quelle: Epigenetics [Epigenetics] 2025 Dec; Vol. 20 (1), pp. 2508251. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jun 11.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Taylor & Francis Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101265293 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1559-2308 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15592294 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Epigenetics Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Chromatin*/metabolism , Chromatin*/genetics , DNA Methylation* , Myoblasts*/metabolism , Epigenome* , Transcription, Genetic*, Humans ; CCCTC-Binding Factor/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; MyoD Protein/metabolism ; MyoD Protein/genetics ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Histones/metabolism ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism

The molecular mechanism by which miR-206-regulated JunD expression influences myoblast proliferation and differentiation in yaks.

Autoren: Li H Peng W Huang R et al.

Quelle: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part D, Genomics & proteomics [Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics] 2025 Dec; Vol. 56, pp. 101600. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Aug 14.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 101270611 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1878-0407 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1744117X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: MicroRNAs*/genetics , MicroRNAs*/metabolism , Cell Differentiation* , Myoblasts*/cytology , Myoblasts*/metabolism , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun*/genetics , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun*/metabolism, Animals ; Cattle ; Cell Proliferation ; Muscle Development

Effects of Short and Long Exposure to Food Additive Titanium Dioxide (E171) in H9c2 Rat Cardiomyoblasts and in the Hearts of Rats.

Autoren: Gutiérrez-Arenas A Del Pilar Ramos-Godinez M Cano-Martínez A et al.

Quelle: Cardiovascular toxicology [Cardiovasc Toxicol] 2025 Dec; Vol. 25 (12), pp. 1821-1836. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 06.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Humana Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101135818 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1559-0259 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15307905 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Cardiovasc Toxicol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Titanium*/toxicity , Myocytes, Cardiac*/drug effects , Myocytes, Cardiac*/ultrastructure , Myocytes, Cardiac*/pathology , Myocytes, Cardiac*/metabolism , Food Additives*/toxicity , Myoblasts, Cardiac*/drug effects , Myoblasts, Cardiac*/ultrastructure , Myoblasts, Cardiac*/metabolism , Myoblasts, Cardiac*/pathology , Myocardial Infarction*/chemically induced , Myocardial Infarction*/pathology , Myocardial Infarction*/physiopathology , Myocardial Infarction*/metabolism, Animals ; Cell Line ; Time Factors ; Male ; Cardiotoxicity ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Isolated Heart Preparation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Ventricular Function, Left/drug effects ; Myocardial Contraction/drug effects ; Biomechanical Phenomena

The DNA damage response in myogenic C2C7 cells depends on the characteristics of ionizing particles.

Autoren: Sutcu HH Thomas-Joyeux A Cardot-Martin M et al.

Quelle: The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology [Int J Biochem Cell Biol] 2025 Dec; Vol. 189, pp. 106872. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 14.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 9508482 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1878-5875 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13572725 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Biochem Cell Biol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: DNA Damage*/radiation effects , Radiation, Ionizing* , Myoblasts*/radiation effects , Myoblasts*/metabolism , Alpha Particles*, Animals ; Mice ; Humans ; DNA Repair/radiation effects

Shining a Light on Skeletal Muscle Regeneration: Red Photobiomodulation Boosts Myoblast Differentiation In Vitro.

Autoren: Parigi M Tani A Palmieri F et al.

Quelle: FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology [FASEB J] 2025 Nov 15; Vol. 39 (21), pp. e71107.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8804484 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1530-6860 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 08926638 NLM ISO Abbreviation: FASEB J Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Cell Differentiation*/radiation effects , Muscle, Skeletal*/physiology , Muscle, Skeletal*/radiation effects , Regeneration*/radiation effects , Regeneration*/physiology , Low-Level Light Therapy*/methods , Myoblasts*/radiation effects , Myoblasts*/cytology , Myoblasts*/metabolism, Animals ; Mice ; Muscle Development/radiation effects ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/radiation effects ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured

Cistromic insight into the association of retinoid X receptor with MyoD and CTCF in proliferating myoblasts.

Autoren: Clément JT Li Q

Quelle: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2025 Nov 06; Vol. 15 (1), pp. 38919. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 06.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: MyoD Protein*/metabolism , MyoD Protein*/genetics , CCCTC-Binding Factor*/metabolism , CCCTC-Binding Factor*/genetics , Retinoid X Receptors*/metabolism , Retinoid X Receptors*/genetics , Myoblasts*/metabolism , Myoblasts*/cytology, Cell Proliferation ; Animals ; Mice ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Acetylation ; Histones/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Humans ; Cell Line ; Chromatin/metabolism

Myoblast paracrine factors induce catabolic remodelling in electrically stimulated myotubes.

Autoren: Lesinski MA Kamal MJ Parise G

Quelle: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2025 Nov 04; Vol. 15 (1), pp. 38537. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 04.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Muscle Fibers, Skeletal*/metabolism , Muscle Fibers, Skeletal*/cytology , Paracrine Communication* , Myoblasts*/metabolism , Myoblasts*/cytology, Animals ; Mice ; Electric Stimulation ; Cell Line ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Signal Transduction

Vitamin B1 Involved in Dendrobium Taiseed Tosnobile Extract Mediates Protection Against Cancer-Induced Muscle Wasting by Suppressing IL-6 Pathogenicity and Enhancing Myoblast Fusion.

Autoren: Lin CC Liao WT Yang TY et al.

Quelle: International journal of molecular sciences [Int J Mol Sci] 2025 Nov 03; Vol. 26 (21). Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 03.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Interleukin-6*/metabolism , Myoblasts*/drug effects , Myoblasts*/metabolism , Plant Extracts*/pharmacology , Plant Extracts*/chemistry , Dendrobium*/chemistry , Carcinoma, Lewis Lung*/complications , Carcinoma, Lewis Lung*/drug therapy , Carcinoma, Lewis Lung*/metabolism , Carcinoma, Lewis Lung*/pathology , Muscular Atrophy*/etiology , Muscular Atrophy*/drug therapy , Muscular Atrophy*/metabolism , Muscular Atrophy*/pathology, Animals ; Mice ; Female ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Humans ; Cell Line ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/drug effects ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism ; Cell Fusion ; Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal/pathology ; Cadherins/metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism

Effects of DNMT1 and TET2 on proliferation and differentiation of goose embryonic myoblasts.

Autoren: Li Y Han Y Guo S et al.

Quelle: Poultry science [Poult Sci] 2025 Nov; Vol. 104 (11), pp. 105791. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 03.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0401150 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1525-3171 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00325791 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Poult Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Myoblasts*/metabolism , Myoblasts*/physiology , Cell Proliferation* , Geese*/genetics , Geese*/embryology , Cell Differentiation*/genetics , Avian Proteins*/metabolism , Avian Proteins*/genetics , DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1*/metabolism , DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1*/genetics , DNA-Binding Proteins*/metabolism , DNA-Binding Proteins*/genetics , DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases*/metabolism , DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases*/genetics, Animals ; Muscle Development/genetics ; DNA Methylation

Glyceraldehyde and glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end-products have negative effect on chicken myoblasts.

Autoren: Okino M Yamashita C Takeuchi M et al.

Quelle: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP [Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol] 2025 Nov; Vol. 297, pp. 110283. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jul 06.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 100959500 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1532-0456 (Print) Linking ISSN: 15320456 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Glycation End Products, Advanced*/toxicity , Glycation End Products, Advanced*/metabolism , Glyceraldehyde*/toxicity , Myoblasts*/drug effects , Myoblasts*/metabolism, Animals ; Chick Embryo ; NAD/metabolism ; Chickens ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Guanidines/pharmacology ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Cell Survival/drug effects

Mitochondrial cardiolipin remodeling facilitates efficient myoblast differentiation.

Autoren: Ohba Y Fujiwara CA Arita M

Quelle: Journal of lipid research [J Lipid Res] 2025 Nov; Vol. 66 (11), pp. 100909. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 23.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0376606 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1539-7262 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00222275 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Lipid Res Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Cardiolipins*/metabolism , Cell Differentiation* , Myoblasts*/cytology , Myoblasts*/metabolism , Mitochondria*/metabolism, Animals ; Mice ; Cell Line ; Acyltransferases

Pbk positively regulates myoblast differentiation and muscle regeneration via enhancing AMPK/ULK1 mediated myogenic autophagy.

Autoren: Wang D Shan D Zhao D et al.

Quelle: Journal of translational medicine [J Transl Med] 2025 Oct 21; Vol. 23 (1), pp. 1144. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 21.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101190741 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1479-5876 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14795876 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Transl Med Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Autophagy* , Regeneration* , Autophagy-Related Protein-1 Homolog*/metabolism , Myoblasts*/cytology , Myoblasts*/enzymology , Myoblasts*/metabolism , Cell Differentiation* , AMP-Activated Protein Kinases*/metabolism , Muscle Development* , Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases*/metabolism , Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins*/metabolism, Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; Muscle, Skeletal/pathology ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiology ; Mice ; Apoptosis ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Signal Transduction ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Humans ; Cell Line

Myoblast Choreographic Alignment.

Autoren: Huo Y Xu H Zhao Y et al.

Quelle: ACS nano [ACS Nano] 2025 Oct 21; Vol. 19 (41), pp. 36245-36257. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 07.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: American Chemical Society Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101313589 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1936-086X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19360851 NLM ISO Abbreviation: ACS Nano Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Myoblasts*/cytology , Myoblasts*/metabolism, Animals ; Mice ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Line ; Adherens Junctions/metabolism ; Tissue Engineering

Evaluating metabolic changes in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts exposed to LPS: Towards understanding sepsis mechanisms.

Autoren: Szczesnowski A Pichavant-Rafini K Jezequel MD et al.

Quelle: PloS one [PLoS One] 2025 Oct 09; Vol. 20 (10), pp. e0334234. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 09 (Print Publication: 2025).

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Lipopolysaccharides*/pharmacology , Sepsis*/metabolism , Sepsis*/pathology , Myocytes, Cardiac*/metabolism , Myocytes, Cardiac*/drug effects , Myoblasts, Cardiac*/metabolism , Myoblasts, Cardiac*/drug effects, Animals ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Rats ; Cell Line ; Energy Metabolism/drug effects ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Mitochondria/drug effects

Low Selenium Diet Inhibited CaMKII Activation via miR-365-3p/SelT Signaling Axis, Resulting in Myoblast Differentiation Disorders and Skeletal Muscle Damage in Broilers.

Autoren: Wu H Shi X Yang N et al.

Quelle: Biological trace element research [Biol Trace Elem Res] 2025 Oct; Vol. 203 (10), pp. 5343-5358. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Mar 14.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Humana Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7911509 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1559-0720 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01634984 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Biol Trace Elem Res Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: MicroRNAs*/metabolism , MicroRNAs*/genetics , Selenium*/deficiency , Selenium*/administration & dosage , Selenium*/pharmacology , Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2*/metabolism , Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2*/antagonists & inhibitors , Cell Differentiation*/drug effects , Myoblasts*/metabolism , Myoblasts*/pathology , Myoblasts*/drug effects , Muscle, Skeletal*/metabolism , Muscle, Skeletal*/pathology , Muscle, Skeletal*/drug effects , Selenoproteins*/metabolism , Selenoproteins*/genetics, Animals ; Chickens ; Male ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Diet ; Cells, Cultured

High levels of EPSTI1 enhance IFN-β-mediated HLA-A expression and chemokine secretion in myoblasts in dermatomyositis.

Autoren: Li X Ding T Xiao Y et al.

Quelle: Rheumatology (Oxford, England) [Rheumatology (Oxford)] 2025 Oct 01; Vol. 64 (10), pp. 5529-5538.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100883501 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1462-0332 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14620324 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Rheumatology (Oxford) Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Dermatomyositis*/metabolism , Dermatomyositis*/genetics , Interferon-beta*/pharmacology , Interferon-beta*/metabolism , Myoblasts*/metabolism , Chemokines*/metabolism, Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Up-Regulation ; Adult ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism