Suchergebnisse - "Langerhans-Cell"

Synchronous Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and Multiple Cutaneous Reticulohistiocytomas With a Common BRAF- V600E/D Mutation Driver.

Autoren: Parra O Georgantzoglou N Green D et al.

Quelle: The American Journal of dermatopathology [Am J Dermatopathol] 2025 Jan 01; Vol. 47 (1), pp. 30-35. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 05.

Publikationsart: Case Reports; Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7911005 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1533-0311 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01931091 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Am J Dermatopathol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/genetics , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/pathology , Mutation* , Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf*/genetics, Humans ; Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell/genetics ; Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell/pathology ; Skin Neoplasms/genetics ; Skin Neoplasms/pathology

Tumoral Stage of Mycosis Fungoides, Misdiagnosed With Wells Syndrome and Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Histologically: A Challenging Case and Review of the Literature.

Autoren: Vahabi SM Montazeri S Pourgholi E et al.

Quelle: Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) [Cancer Rep (Hoboken)] 2025 Dec; Vol. 8 (12), pp. e70412.

Publikationsart: Journal Article; Case Reports; Review

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101747728 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2573-8348 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 25738348 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Cancer Rep (Hoboken) Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/diagnosis , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/pathology , Mycosis Fungoides*/diagnosis , Mycosis Fungoides*/pathology , Mycosis Fungoides*/therapy , Skin Neoplasms*/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms*/pathology , Skin Neoplasms*/therapy , Eosinophilia*/diagnosis , Eosinophilia*/pathology, Humans ; Male ; Diagnostic Errors ; Aged ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Neoplasm Staging

Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis.

Autoren: Benattia A Jouenne F Tazi A

Quelle: Clinics in chest medicine [Clin Chest Med] 2025 Dec; Vol. 46 (4), pp. 605-618. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 18.

Publikationsart: Journal Article; Review

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences Division Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7907612 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1557-8216 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02725231 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Clin Chest Med Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/diagnosis , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/therapy , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/etiology , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/pathology , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/genetics , Lung Diseases*/diagnosis , Lung Diseases*/therapy, Humans

Langerhans cell histiocytosis with mesenteric involvement successfully treated with trametinib: a rare cause of small intestine obstruction.

Autoren: Chang L Shen KN Luo YP et al.

Quelle: International journal of hematology [Int J Hematol] 2025 Dec; Vol. 122 (6), pp. 908-910. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 22.

Publikationsart: Journal Article; Case Reports

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Springer Japan Country of Publication: Japan NLM ID: 9111627 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1865-3774 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09255710 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Hematol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/drug therapy , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/complications , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/genetics , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/diagnosis , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/diagnostic imaging , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/pathology , Pyrimidinones*/administration & dosage , Pyrimidinones*/therapeutic use , Pyridones*/administration & dosage , Pyridones*/therapeutic use , Mesentery*/pathology , Mesentery*/diagnostic imaging , Intestine, Small*/pathology , Intestine, Small*/diagnostic imaging, Humans ; Male ; Young Adult ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/genetics ; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography ; Mutation ; Treatment Outcome

A case of early diagnosis of congenital multisystem langerhans cell histiocytosis with thymic involvement triggered by newborn screening.

Autoren: Uejima Y Iijima M Oshima K et al.

Quelle: Immunological medicine [Immunol Med] 2025 Dec; Vol. 48 (4), pp. 407-410. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jun 13.

Publikationsart: Journal Article; Case Reports

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Informa UK Limited Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101736847 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2578-5826 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 25785826 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Immunol Med Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/diagnosis , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/congenital , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/drug therapy , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/genetics , Thymus Gland*/pathology , Neonatal Screening*, Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Early Diagnosis ; Male ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics ; Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/diagnosis ; Female

Application of pretreatment ¹⁸ F-FDG PET metabolic parameters in children with Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

Autoren: Wen X Wei A Wang G et al.

Quelle: Annals of hematology [Ann Hematol] 2025 Nov; Vol. 104 (11), pp. 5635-5645. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 07.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Springer Verlag Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 9107334 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1432-0584 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09395555 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Ann Hematol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/diagnostic imaging , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/genetics , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/metabolism , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/therapy , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18* , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography*/methods, Humans ; Male ; Female ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Retrospective Studies ; Infant ; Adolescent ; Mutation ; Prognosis

A retrospective diagnosis of trauma-related self-resolving hemorrhagic skull lesions of Langerhans cell histiocytosis in a child through cytopathologic re-evaluation of a prior post-traumatic parotid gland hematoma.

Autoren: Öztunalı Ç Açıkalın MF Acu B

Quelle: Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery [Childs Nerv Syst] 2025 Nov 01; Vol. 41 (1), pp. 339. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 01.

Publikationsart: Journal Article; Case Reports

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Springer International Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 8503227 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1433-0350 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02567040 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Childs Nerv Syst Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/complications , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/pathology , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/diagnosis , Hematoma*/etiology , Hematoma*/pathology , Skull*/pathology , Craniocerebral Trauma*/complications , Parotid Gland*/pathology, Humans ; Male ; Child, Preschool ; Retrospective Studies

Peripheral immune indicators and their predictive value in disease progression or relapse of pediatric Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

Autoren: Li HL Lian HY Gong WY et al.

Quelle: Jornal de pediatria [J Pediatr (Rio J)] 2025 Nov-Dec; Vol. 101 (6), pp. 101466. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 02.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier Editora Ltd Country of Publication: Brazil NLM ID: 2985188R Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1678-4782 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00217557 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Pediatr (Rio J) Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/immunology , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/blood , Cytokines*/blood , Lymphocyte Subsets*/immunology, Humans ; Male ; Female ; Retrospective Studies ; Child ; Disease Progression ; Child, Preschool ; Prognosis ; Infant ; Adolescent ; Recurrence ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Biomarkers/blood ; Progression-Free Survival

Clofarabine monotherapy in refractory multisystem LCH with gastrointestinal involvement.

Autoren: Aronson S Tang V Cios K et al.

Quelle: Pediatric hematology and oncology [Pediatr Hematol Oncol] 2025 Nov; Vol. 42 (8), pp. 389-394. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 23.

Publikationsart: Case Reports; Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Informa Healthcare Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8700164 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1521-0669 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 08880018 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Pediatr Hematol Oncol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Clofarabine*/therapeutic use , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/drug therapy , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/pathology , Gastrointestinal Diseases*/drug therapy , Gastrointestinal Diseases*/pathology , Arabinonucleosides*/therapeutic use, Humans ; Male ; Female ; Prednisone/administration & dosage ; Cytarabine/administration & dosage ; Vinblastine/administration & dosage ; Infant

Ear Discharge and Destructive Postauricular Mass: An ENT Manifestation of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis.

Autoren: Chishty F Bonduelle Q

Quelle: British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005) [Br J Hosp Med (Lond)] 2025 Oct 25; Vol. 86 (10), pp. 1-10. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 09.

Publikationsart: Journal Article; Case Reports

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: MA Healthcare Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101257109 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1750-8460 (Print) Linking ISSN: 17508460 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Br J Hosp Med (Lond) Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/diagnosis , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/complications , Otitis Media with Effusion*/etiology , Otitis Media with Effusion*/diagnosis , Ear Diseases*/diagnosis, Humans ; Male ; Infant ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Delayed diagnosis of pituitary LCH with BRAFV600E mutation: A case report and literature review.

Autoren: Hou Y Yang Y Liao X et al.

Quelle: Medicine [Medicine (Baltimore)] 2025 Oct 17; Vol. 104 (42), pp. e45274.

Publikationsart: Journal Article; Case Reports; Review

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 2985248R Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1536-5964 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00257974 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Medicine (Baltimore) Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/diagnosis , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/genetics , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/drug therapy , Delayed Diagnosis* , Pituitary Diseases*/diagnosis , Pituitary Diseases*/genetics , Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf*/genetics, Humans ; Female ; Adult ; Mutation ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Ultrasound Findings of Bile Duct Involvement in Pediatric Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis.

Autoren: Wang J Wei X Wang Y et al.

Quelle: Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine [J Ultrasound Med] 2025 Oct; Vol. 44 (10), pp. 1741-1749. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 May 23.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8211547 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1550-9613 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02784297 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Ultrasound Med Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/diagnostic imaging , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/complications , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/pathology , Bile Ducts*/diagnostic imaging , Bile Ducts*/pathology, Humans ; Male ; Female ; Retrospective Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Ultrasonography/methods ; Infant ; Adolescent

Isolated Adult Gastrointestinal Tract Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis-Report of Two Rare Patients with Review of Literature.

Autoren: Jain E Ollila E Ghandour F et al.

Quelle: International journal of surgical pathology [Int J Surg Pathol] 2025 Oct; Vol. 33 (7), pp. 1679-1685. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Apr 15.

Publikationsart: Journal Article; Case Reports; Review

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Sage Publications Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9314927 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1940-2465 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10668969 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Surg Pathol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/pathology , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/diagnosis , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/genetics , Gastrointestinal Tract*/pathology, Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Female ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/genetics ; Aged ; Colonoscopy ; Mutation ; DNA Mutational Analysis

Successful use of photodynamic therapy for refractory cutaneous Langerhans cell histiocytosis: A case report.

Autoren: Lee CT Tsai YW Wang FY

Quelle: Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy [Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther] 2025 Oct; Vol. 55, pp. 104748. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jul 30.

Publikationsart: Case Reports; Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 101226123 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-1597 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15721000 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/drug therapy , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/pathology , Photochemotherapy*/methods , Aminolevulinic Acid*/therapeutic use, Humans ; Female ; Adult ; Photosensitizing Agents/therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in the central nervous system, cranial and spinal bones: imaging features.

Autoren: De Mori LH Ribas GA Dos Santos Oliveira L et al.

Quelle: Expert review of clinical immunology [Expert Rev Clin Immunol] 2025 Oct; Vol. 21 (10), pp. 1331-1353. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 23.

Publikationsart: Journal Article; Review

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Taylor & Francis Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101271248 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1744-8409 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1744666X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Expert Rev Clin Immunol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/diagnostic imaging , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/diagnosis , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/pathology , Central Nervous System*/diagnostic imaging , Central Nervous System*/pathology , Skull*/diagnostic imaging , Skull*/pathology , Spine*/diagnostic imaging , Spine*/pathology, Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Diagnosis, Differential

¹⁸ F-FDG PET/CT in pediatric langerhans cell histiocytosis: relation to BRAF ^v600e mutation and risk stratification.

Autoren: Ji X Li C Gou J et al.

Quelle: European journal of radiology [Eur J Radiol] 2025 Oct; Vol. 191, pp. 112361. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Aug 13.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd Country of Publication: Ireland NLM ID: 8106411 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1872-7727 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0720048X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Eur J Radiol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/genetics , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/diagnostic imaging , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18* , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography*/methods , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography*/statistics & numerical data , Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf*/genetics, Humans ; Male ; Female ; Child ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Child, Preschool ; Mutation/genetics ; Infant ; Adolescent ; Risk Assessment ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Reproducibility of Results ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/epidemiology

Advances in the diagnosis and management of pediatric Langerhans cell histiocytosis and Rosai-Dorfman disease: therapies, biomarkers, and response assessment.

Autoren: Eckstein OS Gulati N

Quelle: Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program [Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program] 2025 Dec 05; Vol. 2025 (1), pp. 215-228.

Publikationsart: Journal Article; Review

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: American Society of Hematology Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 100890099 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1520-4383 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15204383 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/diagnosis , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/therapy , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/metabolism , Histiocytosis, Sinus*/diagnosis , Histiocytosis, Sinus*/therapy , Histiocytosis, Sinus*/metabolism, Humans ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; Child ; MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects

[Langerhans cell histiocytosis diagnosed in mediastinal lymph nodes by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration].

Autoren: Labiano T Echegoyen A De Oliveira AS et al.

Quelle: Anales del sistema sanitario de Navarra [An Sist Sanit Navar] 2025 Dec 04; Vol. 48 (3). Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Dec 04.

Publikationsart: Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Gobierno de Navarra, Departamento de Salud Country of Publication: Spain NLM ID: 9710381 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2340-3527 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 11376627 NLM ISO Abbreviation: An Sist Sanit Navar Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration* , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/pathology , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/diagnostic imaging , Lymph Nodes*/pathology, Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mediastinum

[A case of diffuse cystic lung disease with severe pulmonary hypertension in a reproductive-aged female].

Autoren: Yan LN Liu M Zhao L et al.

Quelle: Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases [Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi] 2025 Nov 12; Vol. 48 (11), pp. 1056-1059.

Publikationsart: Journal Article; Case Reports; English Abstract

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Chinese Medical Association Country of Publication: China NLM ID: 8712226 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 1001-0939 (Print) Linking ISSN: 10010939 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Lymphangioleiomyomatosis*/complications , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis*/diagnosis , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis*/diagnostic imaging , Hypertension, Pulmonary*/complications , Hypertension, Pulmonary*/diagnosis , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/complications , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/diagnosis , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*/diagnostic imaging , Lung Diseases*/complications , Lung Diseases*/diagnosis, Humans ; Female ; Adult ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Lung/pathology ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis

SCR Disease Name: Cystic Disease Of Lung

Xanthogranulomatous Epithelial Tumor in a Pediatric Patient. A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall With Non-Langerhans Cell Histiocytic Neoplasms, Particularly Juvenile Xanthogranuloma.

Autoren: de Stefano DV Picarsic J Roy S et al.

Quelle: The American Journal of dermatopathology [Am J Dermatopathol] 2025 Nov 01; Vol. 47 (11), pp. 829-833. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 03.

Publikationsart: Case Reports; Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7911005 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1533-0311 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01931091 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Am J Dermatopathol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Xanthogranuloma, Juvenile*/pathology , Xanthogranuloma, Juvenile*/diagnosis , Xanthogranuloma, Juvenile*/genetics , Skin Neoplasms*/pathology , Skin Neoplasms*/genetics , Skin Neoplasms*/diagnosis , Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell*/pathology , Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell*/diagnosis, Humans ; Child ; Male ; Diagnosis, Differential