Suchergebnisse - "Histocompatibility Antigens Class II"

Major histocompatibility class II in murine antigen presenting cells is modified with a branched K63 and K11-linked ubiquitin chain.

Autoren: Liu H Francis L Dagley LF et al.

Quelle: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2025 Nov 25; Vol. 15 (1), pp. 41884. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 25.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/metabolism , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/immunology , Ubiquitin*/metabolism , Antigen-Presenting Cells*/metabolism , Antigen-Presenting Cells*/immunology, Animals ; Mice ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism ; Ubiquitination ; Dendritic Cells/metabolism ; Dendritic Cells/immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

Global transcriptional reprogramming by cytomegalovirus infection suppresses MHC class II antigen presentation while enhancing migration machinery in murine dendritic cells.

Autoren: Parry RH McMillan CLD Bruce KL et al.

Quelle: Microbial genomics [Microb Genom] 2025 Nov; Vol. 11 (11).

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Microbiology Society Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101671820 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2057-5858 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20575858 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Microb Genom Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Dendritic Cells*/immunology , Dendritic Cells*/virology , Dendritic Cells*/metabolism , Muromegalovirus*/genetics , Muromegalovirus*/immunology , Antigen Presentation*/genetics , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/immunology , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/genetics , Cytomegalovirus Infections*/immunology , Cytomegalovirus Infections*/genetics, Animals ; Mice ; Cell Movement ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Gene Expression Profiling

Enhanced MHC Class-II Expression in Fibroblastic Reticular Cells Associates with Maturation.

Autoren: Roet JEG da Graça CG de Kok M et al.

Quelle: European journal of immunology [Eur J Immunol] 2025 Nov; Vol. 55 (11), pp. e70086.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Wiley-VCH Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 1273201 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1521-4141 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00142980 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Eur J Immunol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/genetics , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/immunology , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/metabolism , Fibroblasts*/immunology , Lymph Nodes*/immunology , Lymph Nodes*/cytology, Animals ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Antigen Presentation/immunology

The IFNγ-CIITA-MHC II axis modulates melanoma cell susceptibility to NK-cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

Autoren: Krause LCM Köhn RM Ickes C et al.

Quelle: Molecular oncology [Mol Oncol] 2025 Nov; Vol. 19 (11), pp. 3096-3119. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 13.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101308230 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1878-0261 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15747891 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mol Oncol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Melanoma*/immunology , Melanoma*/pathology , Melanoma*/metabolism , Killer Cells, Natural*/immunology , Interferon-gamma*/metabolism , Cytotoxicity, Immunologic* , Trans-Activators*/metabolism , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/metabolism , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/immunology, Humans ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Coculture Techniques ; Nuclear Proteins

SerpinB9 sustains CIITA to orchestrate MHC-II expression and Th1 differentiation in β-glucan-induced macrophages.

Autoren: Huang X Ding J Hao Y et al.

Quelle: Immunologic research [Immunol Res] 2025 Oct 29; Vol. 73 (1), pp. 152. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 29.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Humana Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8611087 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1559-0755 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0257277X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Immunol Res Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Macrophages*/immunology , Th1 Cells*/immunology , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/genetics , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/metabolism , Trans-Activators*/metabolism , Trans-Activators*/genetics , Serpins*/genetics , Serpins*/metabolism , Nuclear Proteins*/genetics , Nuclear Proteins*/metabolism, Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Cells, Cultured

Myeloid ZNRF1 suppresses autoimmune demyelination and neuroinflammation by regulating MHC-II-mediated T cell activation.

Autoren: Chang YC Wu CC Hsiao FT et al.

Quelle: Journal of neuroinflammation [J Neuroinflammation] 2025 Oct 22; Vol. 22 (1), pp. 239. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 22.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101222974 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1742-2094 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17422094 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Neuroinflammation Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental*/immunology , Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental*/pathology , Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental*/metabolism , Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental*/genetics , Lymphocyte Activation*/physiology , Lymphocyte Activation*/immunology , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/immunology , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/metabolism , T-Lymphocytes*/immunology , T-Lymphocytes*/metabolism , Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases*/genetics , Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases*/metabolism , Myeloid Cells*/metabolism , Myeloid Cells*/immunology , Neuroinflammatory Diseases*/immunology , Neuroinflammatory Diseases*/metabolism , Neuroinflammatory Diseases*/pathology, Animals ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Female

Single-cell and spatial transcriptomic analysis reveal cellular heterogeneity and cancer cell-intrinsic major histocompatibility complex II expression in urothelial carcinoma.

Autoren: Xiong S Fan J Huang C et al.

Quelle: International journal of biological sciences [Int J Biol Sci] 2025 Oct 20; Vol. 21 (15), pp. 6649-6673. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 20 (Print Publication: 2025).

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Ivyspring International Country of Publication: Australia NLM ID: 101235568 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1449-2288 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14492288 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Biol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Urinary Bladder Neoplasms*/metabolism , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms*/genetics , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/metabolism , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/genetics, Humans ; Single-Cell Analysis ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Transcriptome/genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism

Biological mechanism and immune response of MHC-II expression in tumor cells.

Autoren: Zhou M Pan S Zhang Y et al.

Quelle: Cancer biology & medicine [Cancer Biol Med] 2025 Oct 03; Vol. 22 (11).

Publikationsart: Journal Article; Review

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Chinese Anti-Cancer Association Country of Publication: China NLM ID: 101588850 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2095-3941 (Print) Linking ISSN: 20953941 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Cancer Biol Med Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Neoplasms*/immunology , Neoplasms*/therapy , Neoplasms*/metabolism , Neoplasms*/pathology , Neoplasms*/genetics , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/immunology , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/genetics , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/metabolism, Humans ; Tumor Microenvironment/immunology ; Animals ; Immunotherapy/methods ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic

A general system for targeting MHC class II-antigen complex via a single adaptable loop.

Autoren: Du H Liu J Jude KM et al.

Quelle: Nature biotechnology [Nat Biotechnol] 2025 Oct; Vol. 43 (10), pp. 1673-1682. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Dec 13.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Nature America Publishing Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9604648 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1546-1696 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10870156 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nat Biotechnol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/immunology , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/chemistry , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/metabolism, Humans ; Peptides/chemistry ; Peptides/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Protein Binding ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology

Dysregulated alveolar type 2 epithelial cell proteostasis promotes fibrogenic macrophage migration inhibitory factor-CD74 signaling.

Autoren: Kim SH Nouws J Ruwisch J et al.

Quelle: Science translational medicine [Sci Transl Med] 2025 Dec 03; Vol. 17 (827), pp. eadr2277. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Dec 03.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101505086 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1946-6242 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19466234 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Transl Med Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors*/metabolism , Signal Transduction* , Alveolar Epithelial Cells*/metabolism , Alveolar Epithelial Cells*/pathology , Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte*/metabolism , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/metabolism , Proteostasis*, Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Bleomycin ; Intramolecular Oxidoreductases/metabolism ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/pathology ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Male ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Ubiquitin/metabolism ; Lung/pathology

Association of IL12RB2, RORC, and class II HLA polymorphisms with severe erythema multiforme of regorafenib in Japanese patients with colorectal cancer.

Autoren: Lee G Murase R Matsumoto N et al.

Quelle: Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology [Cancer Chemother Pharmacol] 2025 Nov 24; Vol. 95 (1), pp. 113. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 24.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Springer Verlag Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 7806519 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1432-0843 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03445704 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Cancer Chemother Pharmacol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Antineoplastic Agents*/adverse effects , Antineoplastic Agents*/administration & dosage , Colorectal Neoplasms*/drug therapy , Colorectal Neoplasms*/genetics , Colorectal Neoplasms*/pathology , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/genetics , Phenylurea Compounds*/adverse effects , Phenylurea Compounds*/administration & dosage , Pyridines*/adverse effects , Pyridines*/administration & dosage, Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Haplotypes ; Japan ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; East Asian People/ethnology ; East Asian People/genetics

A superantigen-based MHC class II-targeted cancer immunotherapy for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.

Autoren: Golick L Robinson RM Reyes L et al.

Quelle: Blood cancer journal [Blood Cancer J] 2025 Nov 17; Vol. 15 (1), pp. 198. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 17.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Nature Pub. Group Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101568469 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2044-5385 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20445385 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Blood Cancer J Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute*/immunology , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute*/therapy , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute*/pathology , Immunotherapy*/methods , Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3*/immunology , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/immunology, Animals ; Mice ; Humans ; Female ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology

Metformin protects against cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian fibrosis by MIF/CD74-mediated macrophage polarization.

Autoren: Nie P Yao B Zhang Z et al.

Quelle: Journal of translational medicine [J Transl Med] 2025 Nov 12; Vol. 23 (1), pp. 1273. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 12.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101190741 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1479-5876 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14795876 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Transl Med Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors*/metabolism , Macrophages*/drug effects , Macrophages*/metabolism , Macrophages*/pathology , Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte*/metabolism , Metformin*/pharmacology , Metformin*/therapeutic use , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/metabolism , Cyclophosphamide*/adverse effects , Intramolecular Oxidoreductases*/metabolism , Ovary*/pathology , Ovary*/drug effects , Protective Agents*/pharmacology , Protective Agents*/therapeutic use , Cell Polarity*/drug effects, Animals ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Mice ; Fibroblasts/drug effects ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/pathology ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix/drug effects ; Coculture Techniques ; Humans ; NF-kappa B/metabolism

Immunopeptidomics can inform the design of mRNA vaccines for the delivery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis MHC class II antigens.

Autoren: Leddy O Ogongo P Huffaker J et al.

Quelle: Science translational medicine [Sci Transl Med] 2025 Nov 05; Vol. 17 (823), pp. eadw9184. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 05.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101505086 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1946-6242 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19466234 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Transl Med Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Mycobacterium tuberculosis*/immunology , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/immunology , Antigens, Bacterial*/immunology , Tuberculosis Vaccines*/immunology , mRNA Vaccines*/immunology , Peptides*/immunology, Humans ; Mass Spectrometry ; Phagocytes/microbiology ; Phagocytes/immunology ; Antigen Presentation/immunology

Distribution of HLA class I and II genetic profiles of Indian population: A regional analysis using 30,027 umbilical cord blood samples.

Autoren: Rajendran S Sivadas A Ganesan K et al.

Quelle: Human immunology [Hum Immunol] 2025 Nov; Vol. 86 (6), pp. 111600. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 14.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier/North-Holland Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8010936 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-1166 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01988859 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Hum Immunol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Fetal Blood* , Histocompatibility Antigens Class I*/genetics , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/genetics, Humans ; India ; Haplotypes ; Gene Frequency ; Alleles ; Genetics, Population ; Genetic Variation ; Histocompatibility Testing

Association of MHC class II β domain polymorphism in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) with natural infection by Ligictaluridus floridanus.

Autoren: Roldán GMG Bracamonte GMP González FB et al.

Quelle: Parasitology research [Parasitol Res] 2025 Oct 29; Vol. 124 (10), pp. 118. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 29.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Springer International Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 8703571 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1432-1955 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09320113 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Parasitol Res Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Ictaluridae*/parasitology , Ictaluridae*/genetics , Ictaluridae*/immunology , Fish Diseases*/parasitology , Fish Diseases*/immunology , Fish Diseases*/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide* , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/genetics, Animals ; Genotype

Evidence of Mixed Selection Acting on the MHC Class II DQA Gene in Captive Thai Elephant Populations.

Autoren: Budi T Enguito MR Singchat W et al.

Quelle: Genes [Genes (Basel)] 2025 Oct 10; Vol. 16 (10). Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 10.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101551097 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2073-4425 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20734425 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Genes (Basel) Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Elephants*/genetics , Elephants*/immunology , Selection, Genetic* , Genes, MHC Class II* , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/genetics, Animals ; Thailand ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Alleles ; Gene Frequency

Genetic diversity of BoLA-DRB3 and its association with Anaplasma marginale and Babesia spp. infections in creole cattle of northeastern Colombia.

Autoren: Jaimes-Dueñez J Marin-Cossio L Gongora-Orjuela A et al.

Quelle: Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports [Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports] 2025 Oct; Vol. 65, pp. 101355. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 10.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 101680410 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2405-9390 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 24059390 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Genetic Variation* , Babesiosis*/parasitology , Babesiosis*/epidemiology , Babesiosis*/genetics , Anaplasma marginale*/genetics , Anaplasmosis*/epidemiology , Anaplasmosis*/genetics , Anaplasmosis*/microbiology , Babesia*/genetics , Cattle Diseases*/parasitology , Cattle Diseases*/epidemiology , Cattle Diseases*/microbiology , Cattle Diseases*/genetics , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/genetics, Animals ; Cattle ; Colombia/epidemiology ; Genotype

Unlock the code of MHC II-enabled Cancer immunotherapy.

Autoren: Liu J Song X Guo W et al.

Quelle: Critical reviews in oncology/hematology [Crit Rev Oncol Hematol] 2025 Oct; Vol. 214, pp. 104813. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jun 21.

Publikationsart: Journal Article; Review

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier Scientific Publishers Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 8916049 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-0461 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10408428 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Crit Rev Oncol Hematol Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Neoplasms*/therapy , Neoplasms*/immunology , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/immunology , Immunotherapy*/methods, Humans ; Animals ; Cancer Vaccines/therapeutic use ; Cancer Vaccines/immunology ; Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology ; Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology ; Antigen-Presenting Cells/metabolism ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/therapeutic use

Integrated single-cell RNA-seq analysis reveals that EZH2 regulates the MIF-CD74 axis to modulate T cell activation and exhaustion in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Autoren: Zhou Y Xu Y Ye M et al.

Quelle: Journal of translational medicine [J Transl Med] 2025 Oct 01; Vol. 23 (1), pp. 1040. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 01.

Publikationsart: Journal Article

Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101190741 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1479-5876 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14795876 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Transl Med Subsets: MEDLINE

MeSH-Schlagworte: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular*/genetics , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular*/immunology , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular*/pathology , Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein*/metabolism , Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein*/genetics , Liver Neoplasms*/immunology , Liver Neoplasms*/genetics , Liver Neoplasms*/pathology , Single-Cell Analysis* , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II*/metabolism , Lymphocyte Activation*/genetics , RNA-Seq* , Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors*/metabolism , Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte*/metabolism , T-Lymphocytes*/immunology, Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Signal Transduction/genetics ; Tumor Microenvironment/genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Single-Cell Gene Expression Analysis