Výsledky vyhľadávania - "Bone regeneration"

Photobiomodulation-pretreated dental follicle stem cells with enhanced osteogenic function improve alveolar bone regeneration.

Autori: Li A Zhong J Zhang X a ďalší

Zdroj: BMC oral health [BMC Oral Health] 2025 Dec 05; Vol. 25 (1), pp. 1874. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Dec 05.

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101088684 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1472-6831 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14726831 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Oral Health Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Low-Level Light Therapy*/methods , Osteogenesis*/radiation effects , Osteogenesis*/physiology , Bone Regeneration*/radiation effects , Bone Regeneration*/physiology , Dental Sac*/cytology , Stem Cells*/radiation effects , Stem Cells*/physiology , Alveolar Bone Loss*/therapy, Animals ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; X-Ray Microtomography ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; Male ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism

Bioactive elastin-like-recombinamer (ELR) membranes guide bone regeneration in rabbit critical size calvarial defects.

Autori: Koidou VP Shahdad S Patel M a ďalší

Zdroj: Journal of stomatology, oral and maxillofacial surgery [J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg] 2025 Dec; Vol. 126 (6S), pp. 102514. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jul 30.

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: Elsevier Masson SAS Country of Publication: France NLM ID: 101701089 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2468-7855 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 24687855 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Bone Regeneration*/physiology , Skull*/surgery , Skull*/pathology , Membranes, Artificial* , Elastin* , Guided Tissue Regeneration*/methods, Animals ; Rabbits ; Collagen ; X-Ray Microtomography/methods ; Random Allocation ; Bone Density ; Biocompatible Materials ; Absorbable Implants

Progranulin-loaded silk fibroin/chitosan scaffold with polydopamine modification promotes bone regeneration via PI3K/Akt pathway activation.

Autori: Ning W Wang C Hu P a ďalší

Zdroj: International journal of biological macromolecules [Int J Biol Macromol] 2025 Nov; Vol. 330 (Pt 2), pp. 148030. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 30.

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 7909578 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-0003 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01418130 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Biol Macromol Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Fibroins*/chemistry , Fibroins*/pharmacology , Progranulins*/chemistry , Progranulins*/pharmacology , Tissue Scaffolds* , Indoles*/chemistry , Indoles*/pharmacology , Polymers*/chemistry , Polymers*/pharmacology , Bone Regeneration*/drug effects , Bone Regeneration*/genetics , Osteogenesis*/drug effects , Osteogenesis*/genetics, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism ; Animals ; Rats ; Tissue Engineering ; Gene Expression/drug effects ; Male ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Cells, Cultured ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/metabolism

Cellulose-engineered janus periosteum with compartmentalized angiogenic and osteo-immunomodulatory abilities for bone regeneration.

Autori: Xu W Liu K Chen J a ďalší

Zdroj: Carbohydrate polymers [Carbohydr Polym] 2025 Dec 15; Vol. 370, pp. 124444. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 21.

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: Elsevier Applied Science Publishers Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8307156 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-1344 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01448617 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Carbohydr Polym Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Bone Regeneration*/drug effects , Periosteum*/chemistry , Neovascularization, Physiologic*/drug effects, Animals ; Rats ; Osteogenesis/drug effects ; Hydrogels/chemistry ; Humans ; Deferoxamine/chemistry ; Deferoxamine/pharmacology ; Tissue Engineering/methods ; Calcium Phosphates/chemistry ; Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry ; Hyaluronic Acid/chemistry ; Mice ; Male ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Fiber scaffolds augment aged bone regeneration by modulating energy metabolism, immunity and angiogenesis.

Autori: Liu H Wei J Liu J a ďalší

Zdroj: Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society [J Control Release] 2025 Dec 10; Vol. 388 (Pt 2), pp. 114393. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 08.

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: Elsevier Science Publishers Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 8607908 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-4995 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01683659 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Control Release Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Bone Regeneration*/drug effects , Tissue Scaffolds*/chemistry , Neovascularization, Physiologic*/drug effects, Animals ; Energy Metabolism/drug effects ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Female ; Rats ; Osteogenesis ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Macrophages ; Male ; Ketoglutaric Acids/administration & dosage ; Ketoglutaric Acids/pharmacology ; Aging ; Cells, Cultured ; Angiogenesis

A comparative pre-clinical analysis of nanocellulose hydrogels and synthetic nanocomposite hydrogels on bone and cartilage regeneration in critical size defects-A systematic review.

Autori: Philip M Roby SA Ramadoss R a ďalší

Zdroj: International journal of biological macromolecules [Int J Biol Macromol] 2025 Dec; Vol. 333 (Pt 2), pp. 148777. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 05.

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article; Systematic Review; Comparative Study; Review

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 7909578 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-0003 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01418130 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Biol Macromol Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Hydrogels*/chemistry , Hydrogels*/pharmacology , Bone Regeneration*/drug effects , Cellulose*/chemistry , Nanocomposites*/chemistry , Cartilage*/drug effects , Cartilage*/physiology , Bone and Bones*/drug effects, Humans ; Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry ; Animals ; Tissue Engineering/methods ; Nanofibers/chemistry

Injectable light-cured and bioabsorbable silk fibroin/hyaluronic acid (SF-HA) hydrogel tissue barrier for accelerating guided bone regeneration.

Autori: Zheng Y Zhang W Chen R a ďalší

Zdroj: International journal of biological macromolecules [Int J Biol Macromol] 2025 Dec; Vol. 333 (Pt 1), pp. 148740. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 04.

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 7909578 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-0003 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01418130 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Biol Macromol Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Fibroins*/chemistry , Fibroins*/pharmacology , Hyaluronic Acid*/chemistry , Hyaluronic Acid*/pharmacology , Bone Regeneration*/drug effects , Hydrogels*/chemistry , Hydrogels*/pharmacology , Guided Tissue Regeneration*/methods, Animals ; Biocompatible Materials/chemistry ; Biocompatible Materials/pharmacology ; Osteogenesis/drug effects ; Injections

Demineralized Dentin Matrix Promotes Bone Regeneration Through IDO1-Mediated Th17/Treg Cell Balance Modulation.

Autori: Zhu S Chen R Zhang S a ďalší

Zdroj: International dental journal [Int Dent J] 2025 Dec; Vol. 75 (6), pp. 103853. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 04.

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0374714 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1875-595X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00206539 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int Dent J Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory*/drug effects , Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase*/metabolism , Bone Regeneration*/drug effects , Th17 Cells*/drug effects , Th17 Cells*/physiology , Dentin*, Animals ; Rabbits ; Cell Differentiation ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; Coculture Techniques ; Osteogenesis ; Tissue Scaffolds ; Humans

Strontium oxide-functionalized 3D-printed polycaprolactone/β-tricalcium phosphate nanocomposite scaffolds with osteogenic microenvironment remodeling for accelerated bone regeneration.

Autori: Fuxiang S Li ZLAD Zhili W a ďalší

Zdroj: Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials [J Mech Behav Biomed Mater] 2025 Dec; Vol. 172, pp. 107146. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jul 31.

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 101322406 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1878-0180 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 18780180 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Mech Behav Biomed Mater Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Printing, Three-Dimensional* , Polyesters*/chemistry , Strontium*/chemistry , Osteogenesis*/drug effects , Tissue Scaffolds*/chemistry , Bone Regeneration*/drug effects , Calcium Phosphates*/chemistry , Nanocomposites*/chemistry , Oxides*/chemistry, Animals ; Mice ; Rats ; Biocompatible Materials/chemistry ; Biocompatible Materials/pharmacology

From bench to Bone: Clinical promise of exosome-enhanced scaffolds in orthopedic regeneration.

Autori: Emami A Menbari Oskouie I

Zdroj: Progress in biophysics and molecular biology [Prog Biophys Mol Biol] 2025 Dec; Vol. 198, pp. 32-38. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 01.

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article; Review

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: Pergamon Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0401233 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-1732 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00796107 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Prog Biophys Mol Biol Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Exosomes*/metabolism , Bone Regeneration* , Tissue Scaffolds*/chemistry , Bone and Bones*/physiology , Translational Research, Biomedical*, Humans ; Animals

Injectable composite hydrogels based on minocycline and NIR photothermal therapy for antimicrobial and bone regeneration.

Autori: Li C Yue X Gao H a ďalší

Zdroj: Biomaterials advances [Biomater Adv] 2025 Dec; Vol. 177, pp. 214397. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jun 30.

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: Elsevier B.V Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 9918383886206676 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2772-9508 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 27729508 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Biomater Adv Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Hydrogels*/chemistry , Hydrogels*/pharmacology , Hydrogels*/administration & dosage , Bone Regeneration*/drug effects , Minocycline*/chemistry , Minocycline*/pharmacology , Minocycline*/administration & dosage , Photothermal Therapy* , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/administration & dosage, Animals ; Infrared Rays ; Humans ; Alginates/chemistry ; Chitosan/chemistry ; Chitosan/analogs & derivatives ; Nanoparticles/chemistry ; Injections ; Periodontitis/therapy ; Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects

Altered digit tip blastema differentiation and bone regeneration in skeletally mature Ts65Dn Down syndrome mice.

Autori: Wolff SM Yu L Yan M a ďalší

Zdroj: Bone [Bone] 2025 Dec; Vol. 201, pp. 117648. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 16.

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: Elsevier Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8504048 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-2763 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 18732763 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Bone Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Down Syndrome*/pathology , Down Syndrome*/physiopathology , Down Syndrome*/genetics , Bone Regeneration*/genetics , Bone Regeneration*/physiology , Cell Differentiation*, Animals ; Mice ; Disease Models, Animal ; Osteogenesis/genetics ; Male ; Cell Proliferation

Functional hollow porous microfiber scaffold with BMP-2 for macrophages polarization and bone regeneration.

Autori: Yang L Liu Y Yang Y a ďalší

Zdroj: Biomaterials advances [Biomater Adv] 2025 Dec; Vol. 177, pp. 214425. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jul 21.

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: Elsevier B.V Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 9918383886206676 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2772-9508 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 27729508 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Biomater Adv Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2*/chemistry , Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2*/pharmacology , Bone Regeneration*/drug effects , Tissue Scaffolds*/chemistry , Macrophages*/cytology , Macrophages*/drug effects , Macrophages*/metabolism, Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Porosity ; THP-1 Cells ; Tissue Engineering ; Osteogenesis/drug effects ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects

In Vivo Investigation on the Effects of Metal Oxides in Hydroxyapatite Biocomposite Implants for Improving Bone Regeneration.

Autori: Mabrouk M Beherei HH Abd-Elkader OH a ďalší

Zdroj: Biological trace element research [Biol Trace Elem Res] 2025 Dec; Vol. 203 (12), pp. 6436-6450. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 May 16.

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: Humana Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7911509 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1559-0720 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01634984 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Biol Trace Elem Res Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Durapatite*/chemistry , Durapatite*/pharmacology , Bone Regeneration*/drug effects , Titanium*/chemistry , Titanium*/pharmacology , Aluminum Oxide*/chemistry , Aluminum Oxide*/pharmacology , Oxides*/chemistry , Oxides*/pharmacology , Biocompatible Materials*/pharmacology , Biocompatible Materials*/chemistry, Animals ; Male ; Silicon Dioxide/chemistry ; Silicon Dioxide/pharmacology ; Rats

Targeting cellular senescence in progenitor cells as a strategy to enhance bone regeneration by cell therapies: a systematic review of pre-clinical investigations.

Autori: Morita M Damle EB Shinohara I a ďalší

Zdroj: Stem cell research & therapy [Stem Cell Res Ther] 2025 Nov 28; Vol. 16 (1), pp. 669. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 28.

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article; Systematic Review; Review

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101527581 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1757-6512 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17576512 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Stem Cell Res Ther Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Cellular Senescence* , Bone Regeneration*/physiology , Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy*/methods , Stem Cells*/cytology , Stem Cells*/metabolism, Humans ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Osteogenesis ; Animals

Tilapia skin collagen composite: A promising candidate in the modulation of bone regeneration.

Autori: Shang Y Li Y Peng C a ďalší

Zdroj: Dental materials journal [Dent Mater J] 2025 Nov 28; Vol. 44 (6), pp. 705-715. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 07.

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: Japanese Society for Dental Materials and Devices Country of Publication: Japan NLM ID: 8309299 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1881-1361 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02874547 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Dent Mater J Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Bone Regeneration*/drug effects , Collagen*/chemistry , Collagen*/pharmacology , Tilapia* , Durapatite*/chemistry , Durapatite*/pharmacology , Biocompatible Materials*/chemistry , Biocompatible Materials*/pharmacology , Skin*/chemistry, Animals ; Osteogenesis/drug effects ; Materials Testing ; Tissue Engineering/methods ; Pepsin A ; Humans ; Tissue Scaffolds

Multifunctional Inorganic-Nanosheets-Based Nanohydrogel for Periodontal Bone Regeneration via Antibacterial and Anti-Ferroptotic Immunomodulation.

Autori: Yuan X Wen S Shi H a ďalší

Zdroj: ACS applied materials & interfaces [ACS Appl Mater Interfaces] 2025 Nov 26; Vol. 17 (47), pp. 64149-64167. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 18.

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: American Chemical Society Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101504991 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1944-8252 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19448244 NLM ISO Abbreviation: ACS Appl Mater Interfaces Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Anti-Bacterial Agents*/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/therapeutic use , Bone Regeneration*/drug effects , Periodontitis*/drug therapy , Periodontitis*/pathology , Hydrogels*/chemistry , Hydrogels*/pharmacology, Animals ; Humans ; Rats ; Resveratrol/pharmacology ; Resveratrol/chemistry ; Resveratrol/therapeutic use ; Immunomodulation/drug effects ; Male ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Phosphorus/chemistry ; Phosphorus/pharmacology ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Periodontal Ligament/cytology ; Osteogenesis/drug effects

Engineered self-assembling hydrogel systems for advanced guided bone regeneration: structural optimization and biofunctional modulation.

Autori: Wang Y Geng W Yang Y a ďalší

Zdroj: Journal of nanobiotechnology [J Nanobiotechnology] 2025 Nov 18; Vol. 23 (1), pp. 720. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 18.

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article; Review

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101152208 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1477-3155 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14773155 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Nanobiotechnology Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Bone Regeneration*/drug effects , Hydrogels*/chemistry , Hydrogels*/pharmacology , Biocompatible Materials*/chemistry, Humans ; Animals ; Tissue Engineering/methods ; Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry ; Osteogenesis/drug effects ; Drug Delivery Systems

A Three-Dimensional Microporous Decalcified Bone Matrix Combined with Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhances Bone Regeneration in Critical-Sized Calvarial Defect of Nude Mouse.

Autori: He Y Sun T Wu J a ďalší

Zdroj: ACS applied bio materials [ACS Appl Bio Mater] 2025 Nov 17; Vol. 8 (11), pp. 9754-9765. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 13.

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: ACS Publications Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101729147 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2576-6422 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 25766422 NLM ISO Abbreviation: ACS Appl Bio Mater Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Bone Regeneration*/drug effects , Mesenchymal Stem Cells*/cytology , Skull*/drug effects , Biocompatible Materials*/chemistry , Biocompatible Materials*/pharmacology , Bone Matrix*/chemistry , Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation*, Animals ; Mice, Nude ; Mice ; Porosity ; Osteogenesis/drug effects ; Materials Testing ; Particle Size ; Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Surface Properties ; Male

Comparative in vivo evaluation of cross-linked and non-cross-linked collagen membranes for guided bone regeneration in rat calvarial defects.

Autori: Baggio AMP Viotto AHA Delamura IF a ďalší

Zdroj: Brazilian oral research [Braz Oral Res] 2025 Nov 07; Vol. 39, pp. e110. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 07 (Print Publication: 2025).

Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article; Comparative Study; Evaluation Study

Informácie o časopise: Publisher: Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Odontológica Country of Publication: Brazil NLM ID: 101307187 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1807-3107 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 18068324 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Braz Oral Res Subsets: MEDLINE

Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Bone Regeneration*/physiology , Bone Regeneration*/drug effects , Collagen*/chemistry , Collagen*/therapeutic use , Skull*/surgery , Skull*/injuries , Skull*/diagnostic imaging , Skull*/pathology , Guided Tissue Regeneration*/methods , Membranes, Artificial* , Bone Substitutes*/therapeutic use, Animals ; X-Ray Microtomography ; Time Factors ; Male ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reproducibility of Results ; Treatment Outcome ; Materials Testing ; Osteogenesis/physiology ; Osteogenesis/drug effects ; Reference Values